Change Notations - The Urantia Book

In the 1955 text item 5 in the list below reads: "Absolute perfection in no direction, relative perfection in all other manifestations." The word 'other' was removed in subsequent Urantia Foundation printings. See note below.
Original Paragraph:
^{P3:6, 000:1.19} When we attempt to conceive of perfection in all phases and forms of relativity, we encounter seven conceivable types:

Absolute perfection in all aspects.

Absolute perfection in some phases and relative perfection in all other aspects.

Absolute, relative, and imperfect aspects in varied association.

Absolute perfection in some respects, imperfection in all others.

Absolute perfection in no direction, relative perfection in all other manifestations.

Absolute perfection in no phase, relative in some, imperfect in others.

Absolute perfection in no attribute, imperfection in all.

Webmaster's editorial note: The material believed to be the source of this section in The Urantia Book is from "Man's Vision of God" by Charles Hartshorne.

On page 8 of Hartshorne's book the seven types of perfection and relativity are listed as follows:

1. Absolute perfection in all respects.
2. Absolute perfection in some respects, relative perfection in all others.
3. Absolute perfection, relative perfection, and "imperfection" (neither absolute nor relative perfection), each in some respects.
4. Absolute perfection in some respects, imperfection in all others.
5. Absolute perfection in no respects, relative in all.
6. Absolute perfection in no respects, relative in some, imperfection in the others.
7. Absolute perfection in no respects, imperfection in all

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All Urantia Foundation editions, including the first, read: "Deified reality embraces all of infinite Deity potentials..." This construction does not read well; specifically "all of...potentials" is awkward, and may be an error in transcription. Any of the following phrases work grammatically and might be the correct reading:

1. "...all of infinite Deity potential..." (Using 'of' to reinforce 'all,' indicating 'every part, with no exception.' This form works with the singular 'potential' but not with the plural 'potentials' (except as in #2 below), which is why the original phrase seems incorrect. While such poetic uses of language are certainly found in the Urantia Book, it seems somewhat out of context at this point.)

2. "...all of the infinite Deity potentials..." (Inserting the article 'the' makes the plural 'potentials' work. but seems to imply that a further classification is forthcoming, that "...all of the infinite Deity potentials" [of this group] as distinguished from "...all of the infinite Deity potentials" [of some other classification]. As there are no limitations following the phrase, inserting 'the' does not appear to be the best choice.)

3. "all infinite Deity potentials..." (This phrasing is all-inclusive without implying any limitations and without requiring a change of tone; it has therefore been chosen by the present editors as the most likely reconstruction of the original.) It is of course possible that the original phrasing is exactly what the author intended. The reader should keep this possibility in mind here, and in every instance where changes to the text are suggested by the present editors or have been made by others in the past.

Original Paragraph:
^{P7:1, 000:4.3} 2.Deified reality embraces all of infinite Deity potentials ranging upward through all realms of personality from the lowest finite to the highest infinite, thus encompassing the domain of all that which is personalizable and more -- even to the presence of the Deity Absolute.

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"in Him we all live"

changed to

"in him we all live"

Original Paragraph:
^{P29:6, 1:5.16} It is literally true: "In all your afflictions he is afflicted." "In all your triumphs he triumphs in and with you." His prepersonal divine spirit is a real part of you. The Isle of Paradise responds to all the physical metamorphoses of the universe of universes; the Eternal Son includes all the spirit impulses of all creation; the Conjoint Actor encompasses all the mind expression of the expanding cosmos. The Universal Father realizes in the fullness of the divine consciousness all the individual experience of the progressive struggles of the expanding minds and the ascending spirits of every entity, being, and personality of the whole evolutionary creation of time and space. And all this is literally true, for "in Him we all live and move and have our being."

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"In Him we live"

changed to

"In him we live"

Original Paragraph:
^{P35:4, 2:1.11} Divinity and eternity the Father shares with large numbers of the higher Paradise beings, but we question whether infinity and consequent universal primacy is fully shared with any save his co-ordinate associates of the Paradise Trinity. Infinity of personality must, perforce, embrace all finitude of personality; hence the truth — literal truth — of the teaching which declares that "In Him we live and move and have our being." That fragment of the pure Deity of the Universal Father which indwells mortal man is a part of the infinity of the First Great Source and Center, the Father of Fathers.

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"perfect, he cannot"

changed to

"perfect; he cannot"
comma changed to semi-colon)

Original Paragraph:
^{P36:4, 2:2.6} God is eternally and infinitely perfect, he cannot personally know imperfection as his own experience, but he does share the consciousness of all the experience of imperfectness of all the struggling creatures of the evolutionary universes of all the Paradise Creator Sons. The personal and liberating touch of the God of perfection overshadows the hearts and encircuits the natures of all those mortal creatures who have ascended to the universe level of moral discernment. In this manner, as well as through the contacts of the divine presence, the Universal Father actually participates in the experience with immaturity and imperfection in the evolving career of every moral being of the entire universe.

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The 1955 capitalization "(concerning Himself)" was changed to "(concerning himself)" in Urantia Foundation's 7th printing (1981). Although pronouns referring to Deity are usually not capitalized (see, for example, "himself" later in this paragraph), the original style may be important because the capitalization, if not an error, may have been intended to clarify that the self referred to is God rather than the creature, in a sentence that might otherwise be unclear.

Original Paragraph:
^{P46:4, 3:1.12} The fluctuations of the Father's presence are not due to the changeableness of God. The Father does not retire in seclusion because he has been slighted; his affections are not alienated because of the creature's wrongdoing. Rather, having been endowed with the power of choice (concerning Himself), his children, in the exercise of that choice, directly determine the degree and limitations of the Father's divine influence in their own hearts and souls. The Father has freely bestowed himself upon us without limit and without favor. He is no respecter of persons, planets, systems, or universes. In the sectors of time he confers differential honor only on the Paradise personalities of God the Sevenfold, the co-ordinate creators of the finite universes.

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It is necessary to understand the phrase "Personality may be material or spiritual" in the context of the entire paragraph, which makes it clear that personality is bestowed upon either a material or spiritual being. Personality must be associated with spiritual or physical energy, but it is not a manifestation of energy, either physical or spiritual. See 42:12.2, 112:0.2.

Original Paragraph:
^{P70:4, 5:6.3} Personality is potential in all creatures who possess a mind endowment ranging from the minimum of self-consciousness to the maximum of God-consciousness. But mind endowment alone is not personality, neither is spirit nor physical energy. Personality is that quality and value in cosmic reality which is exclusively bestowed by God the Father upon these living systems of the associated and co-ordinated energies of matter, mind, and spirit. Neither is personality a progressive achievement. Personality may be material or spiritual, but there either is personality or there is no personality. The other-than-personal never attains the level of the personal except by the direct act of the Paradise Father.

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The phrase "the Paradise Trinity (the first triunity)" should not be taken to equate the two, since it is the members of the Paradise Trinity as individual persons who constitute the first triunity, not the indivisible Trinity itself. See 104:3.7

Original Paragraph:
^{P112:4, 10:4.1} Of all absolute associations, the Paradise Trinity (the first triunity) is unique as an exclusive association of personal Deity. God functions as God only in relation to God and to those who can know God, but as absolute Deity only in the Paradise Trinity and in relation to universe totality.

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The 1955 printing used the singular "zone" here. In the second (1967) and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings, the plural has been used. The plural does agree with the verb "are" and seems consistent with the general sense of the paragraph.

Original Paragraph:
^{P125:1, 11:7.7} The relatively quiet zone between the space levels, such as the one separating the seven superuniverses from the first outer space level, are enormous elliptical regions of quiescent space activities. These zones separate the vast galaxies which race around Paradise in orderly procession. You may visualize the first outer space level, where untold universes are now in process of formation, as a vast procession of galaxies swinging around Paradise, bounded above and below by the midspace zones of quiescence and bounded on the inner and outer margins by relatively quiet space zones.

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"superuniverses, seem to be"

changed to

"superuniverses seem to be"

Original Paragraph:
^{P134:4, 12:4.15} But the greatest of all such distortions arises because the vast universes of outer space in the realms next to the domains of the seven superuniverses, seem to be revolving in a direction opposite to that of the grand universe. That is, these myriads of nebulae and their accompanying suns and spheres are at the present time revolving clockwise about the central creation. The seven superuniverses revolve about Paradise in a counterclockwise direction. It appears that the second outer universe of galaxies, like the seven superuniverses, revolves counterclockwise about Paradise. And the astronomic observers of Uversa think they detect evidence of revolutionary movements in a third outer belt of far-distant space which are beginning to exhibit directional tendencies of a clockwise nature.

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"far-distant"

changed to

"far distant"

Original Paragraph:
^{P152:1, 14:0.1} The perfect and divine universe occupies the center of all creation; it is the eternal core around which the vast creations of time and space revolve. Paradise is the gigantic nuclear Isle of absolute stability which rests motionless at the very heart of the magnificent eternal universe. This central planetary family is called Havona and is far-distant from the local universe of Nebadon. It is of enormous dimensions and almost unbelievable mass and consists of one billion spheres of unimagined beauty and superb grandeur, but the true magnitude of this vast creation is really beyond the understanding grasp of the human mind.

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"far-distant"

changed to

"far distant"

Original Paragraph:
^{P167:7, 15:3.4} Of the ten major divisions of Orvonton, eight have been roughly identified by Urantian astronomers. The other two are difficult of separate recognition because you are obliged to view these phenomena from the inside. If you could look upon the superuniverse of Orvonton from a position far-distant in space, you would immediately recognize the ten major sectors of the seventh galaxy.

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"undreamed of"

changed to

"undreamed-of"

Original Paragraph:
^{P200:4, 17:2.6} We stand in awe of the possibility of what the future ages, wherein the Supreme and the Ultimate may attain new levels of divinity and ascend to new domains of personality function, may witness in the realms of the deitization of still other unexpected and undreamed of beings who will possess unimagined powers of enhanced universe co-ordination. There would seem to be no limit to the Deity Absolute's potential of response to such unification of relationships between experiential Deity and the existential Paradise Trinity.

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Speaking of the Faithfuls of Days, the sentence "They do not have a far-flung system of intercommunication, being ordinarily self-limited to an interassociation within the limits of a local universe" is inconsistent with a statement at 43:4.3 which states these Trinity Sons "are in direct and constant communication with their order throughout all the universes, even to Havona and Paradise."

Original Paragraph:
^{P213:5, 18:7.3} All Faithfuls of Days functioning in the constellations of a local universe are under the jurisdiction of, and report directly to, the Union of Days. They do not have a far-flung system of intercommunication, being ordinarily self-limited to an interassociation within the limits of a local universe. Any Faithful of Days on duty in Nebadon can and does communicate with all others of his order on duty in this local universe.

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"supervisor No. 572,842"

changed to

"supervisor number 572,842"

Original Paragraph:
^{P266:1, 24:1.7} Circuit supervisors are created for their specific tasks, and they eternally serve in the groups of their original assignment. They are not rotated in service and hence make an agelong study of the problems found in the realms of their original assignment. For example: Tertiary circuit supervisor No. 572,842 has functioned on Salvington since the early concept of your local universe, and he is a member of the personal staff of Michael of Nebadon.

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"The Significance of Origins are"

changed to

"The Significances of Origins are"

Original Paragraph:
^{P314:3, 28:6.4} The Significance of Origins are the living ready-reference genealogies of the vast hosts of beings -- men, angels, and others -- who inhabit the seven superuniverses. They are always ready to supply their superiors with an up-to-date, replete, and trustworthy estimate of the ancestral factors and the current actual status of any individual on any world of their respective superuniverses; and their computation of possessed facts is always up to the minute.

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"Co-workers" in the 1955 edition was changed to "coworkers" in Urantia Foundation's 1990 printing. This is one of about twenty-five such changes made in the tenth printing (with several more being made in the eleventh). The purpose of these alterations in hyphenation, spelling, or punctuation is not at all clear, as there is no modification in meaning, no improvement in phraseology, and no necessary spelling change involved with any of these edits. Although these changes, because of their insignificance, do not compromise the intentions of the authors, such trifling with the form of an author's expression seems wholly unwarranted.

Original Paragraph:
^{P328:3, 29:4.27} The associators are the first group of life to appear on an organizing material sphere, and they can function at physical temperatures which you would regard as utterly incompatible with the existence of living beings. They represent an order of life which is simply beyond the range of human imagination. Together with their co-workers, the dissociators, they are the most slavish of all intelligent creatures.

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"enroute" in the original text was changed to "en route" in the 1990 Urantia Foundation printing. As the original is perfectly understandable and correct, it has been used in this edition.

Original Paragraph:
^{P340:1, 30:3.12} Morontia mortals are student visitors only within the confines of the local universe of their origin. They may visit in a superuniverse capacity only after they have attained spirit status. Fully one half of our visitor colony consists of "stopovers," beings en route elsewhere who pause to visit the Orvonton capital. These personalities may be executing a universe assignment, or they may be enjoying a period of leisure -- freedom from assignment. The privilege of intrauniverse travel and observation is a part of the career of all ascending beings. The human desire to travel and observe new peoples and worlds will be fully gratified during the long and eventful climb to Paradise through the local, super-, and central universes.

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"Him who is"

changed to

"him who is"

Original Paragraph:
^{P377:6, 34:4.2} The Creator Sons are endowed with a spirit of universe presence in many ways analogous to that of the Seven Master Spirits of Paradise. This is the Spirit of Truth which is poured out upon a world by a bestowal Son after he receives spiritual title to such a sphere. This bestowed Comforter is the spiritual force which ever draws all truth seekers towards Him who is the personification of truth in the local universe. This spirit is an inherent endowment of the Creator Son, emerging from his divine nature just as the master circuits of the grand universe are derived from the personality presences of the Paradise Deities.

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"through His spirit"

changed to

"through his spirit"

Original Paragraph:
^{P381:4, 34:6.10} The purpose of all this ministration is, "That you may be strengthened with power through His spirit in the inner man." And all this represents but the preliminary steps to the final attainment of the perfection of faith and service, that experience wherein you shall be "filled with all the fullness of God," "for all those who are led by the spirit of God are the sons of God."

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In the third (1971) Urantia Foundation printing, the comma after "headquarters" in "headquarters, as he frequently is," was removed. The comma is necessary, as it requires two commas to enclose the parenthetical phrase "as he frequently is."

Original Paragraph:
^{P391:1, 35:6.3} When a Constellation Father is in attendance upon duties at the universe headquarters, as he frequently is, the senior associate becomes acting director of constellation affairs. The normal function of the senior associate is the oversight of spiritual affairs, while the junior associate is personally occupied with the physical welfare of the constellation. No major policy, however, is ever carried out in a constellation unless all three of the Most Highs are agreed upon all the details of its execution.

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With respect to the sentence, "On Urantia there are forty-eight units of pattern control-trait determiners-in the sex cells of human reproduction", if the term "trait determiners" is intended to mean "chromosomes," current scientific belief is that there are 46, not 48 chromosomes. However, since "chromosomes" was used at 77:2.5 [857-14], perhaps a somewhat different concept is being conveyed.

Original Paragraph:
^{P397:4, 36:2.4} The number ten -- the decimal system -- is inherent in the physical universe but not in the spiritual. The domain of life is characterized by three, seven, and twelve or by multiples and combinations of these basic numbers. There are three primal and essentially different life plans, after the order of the three Paradise Sources and Centers, and in the universe of Nebadon these three basic forms of life are segregated on three different types of planets. There were, originally, twelve distinct and divine concepts of transmissible life. This number twelve, with its subdivisions and multiples, runs throughout all basic life patterns of all seven superuniverses. There are also seven architectural types of life design, fundamental arrangements of the reproducing configurations of living matter. The Orvonton life patterns are configured as twelve inheritance carriers. The differing orders of will creatures are configured as 12, 24, 48, 96, 192, 384, and 768. On Urantia there are forty-eight units of pattern control -- trait determiners -- in the sex cells of human reproduction.

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In the 1955 edition, "anything" was written "any thing". This was changed to the single compound word in the 1967 and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P400:1, 36:3.6} The Life Carriers of a planetary corps are given a certain period in which to establish life on a new world, approximately one-half million years of the time of that planet. At the termination of this period, indicated by certain developmental attainments of the planetary life, they cease implantation efforts, and they may not subsequently add any thing new or supplemental to the life of that planet.

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The 1955 edition varies from all later Urantia Foundation printings in that it has the word "secondary," where all others read "tertiary." While both a secondary and a tertiary Circuit Supervisor are assigned to the supervision of a single local universe's circuits, only the tertiary Circuit Supervisor is located on the local universe headquarters sphere; the secondary Circuit Supervisor is located on the superuniverse headquarters. (See 24:1.5-7) Therefore, "tertiary Universe Circuit Supervisor" does appear to be the correct description of Andovontia.

Original Paragraph:
^{P413:6, 37:8.3} Andovontia is the name of the secondary Universe Circuit Supervisor stationed in our local universe. He is concerned only with spirit and morontia circuits, not with those under the jurisdiction of the power directors. It was he who isolated Urantia at the time of the Caligastia betrayal of the planet during the testing seasons of the Lucifer rebellion. In sending greetings to the mortals of Urantia, he expresses pleasure in the anticipation of your sometime restoration to the universe circuits of his supervision.

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In Urantia Foundation's 7th and later printings, "Adjusters" was changed to "Adjuster".

Original Paragraph:
^{P448:9, 40:7.2} Your own races of surviving mortals belong to this group of the ascending Sons of God. You are now planetary sons, evolutionary creatures derived from the Life Carrier implantations and modified by the Adamic-life infusion, hardly yet ascending sons; but you are indeed sons of ascension potential -- even to the highest heights of glory and divinity attainment -- and this spiritual status of ascending sonship you may attain by faith and by freewill co-operation with the spiritualizing activities of the indwelling Adjuster. When you and your Adjusters are finally and forever fused, when you two are made one, even as in Christ Michael the Son of God and the Son of Man are one, then in fact have you become the ascending sons of God.

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Starting with the tenth (1990) printing, Urantia Foundation placed a comma after "Paradise Son of God" in "Paradise Son of God, the Supreme Power Centers."

Original Paragraph:
^{P455:5, 41:1.1} The spiral and other nebulae, the mother wheels of the spheres of space, are initiated by Paradise force organizers; and following nebular evolution of gravity response, they are superseded in superuniverse function by the power centers and physical controllers, who thereupon assume full responsibility for directing the physical evolution of the ensuing generations of stellar and planetary offspring. This physical supervision of the Nebadon preuniverse was, upon the arrival of our Creator Son, immediately co-ordinated with his plan for universe organization. Within the domain of this Paradise Son of God, the Supreme Power Centers and the Master Physical Controllers collaborated with the later appearing Morontia Power Supervisors and others to produce that vast complex of communication lines, energy circuits, and power lanes which firmly bind the manifold space bodies of Nebadon into one integrated administrative unit.

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The 1955 edition stated "sixty thousand" while Urantia Foundation's second and subsequent printings have been changed to "forty thousand." Textual consistency does require "forty," as (41:4.1) states that our sun is about 1.5 times the density of water, or about .054 pounds per cubic inch, and 40,000 times this is about 2,160 pounds per cubic inch (which is also equivalent to 60,000 times the density of water).

Original Paragraph:
^{P460:1, 41:4.4} One of your near-by suns, which started life with about the same mass as yours, has now contracted almost to the size of Urantia, having become sixty thousand times as dense as your sun. The weight of this hot-cold gaseous-solid is about one ton per cubic inch. And still this sun shines with a faint reddish glow, the senile glimmer of a dying monarch of light.

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Current scientific opinion holds that the sun's core temperature is about 14,000,000 K, and the surface (photosphere) temperature is about 5,800 K. ("K" is a measure of degrees centigrade above absolute zero, which is -273 degrees C.)

Original Paragraph:
^{P463:2, 41:7.2} The surface temperature of your sun is almost 6,000 degrees, but it rapidly increases as the interior is penetrated until it attains the unbelievable height of about 35,000,000 degrees in the central regions. (All of these temperatures refer to your Fahrenheit scale.)

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The 1955 edition placed a capital "Y" here; it was replaced by "gamma" in all later Urantia Foundation printings. As gamma rays are clearly intended here, we have used that word. As to the origin of the "Y", it is likely that the Greek letter gamma was mistakenly transposed into "Y" at some point in the preparation of the original edition.

Original Paragraph:
^{P463:2, 42:5.1} In the superuniverse of Orvonton there are one hundred octaves of wave energy. Of these one hundred groups of energy manifestations, sixty-four are wholly or partially recognized on Urantia. The sun's rays constitute four octaves in the superuniverse scale, the visible rays embracing a single octave, number forty-six in this series. The ultraviolet group comes next, while ten octaves up are the X rays, followed by the Y rays of radium. Thirty-two octaves above the visible light of the sun are the outer-space energy rays so frequently commingled with their associated highly energized minute particles of matter. Next downward from visible sunlight appear the infrared rays, and thirty octaves below are the radio transmission group.

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The original 1955 paragraph read as follows: "Each atom is a trifle over 1/100,000,000th of an inch in diameter, while an electron weighs a little less than 1/2,000th of the smallest atom, hydrogen. The positive proton, characteristic of the atomic nucleus, while it may be no larger than a negative electron, weighs from two to three thousand times more."

All subsequent Urantia Foundation printings read, "Each atom is a trifle over 1/100,000,000th of an inch in diameter, while an electron weighs a little more than 1/2,000th of the smallest atom, hydrogen. The positive proton, characteristic of the atomic nucleus, while it may be no larger than a negative electron, weighs almost two thousand times more."

The revised wording is, on its face, more consistent with the statement in the paragraph following the subject paragraph 42:6.8, where the author states that a proton is "eighteen hundred times as heavy as an electron". (This is also in accord with current scientific opinion which places the ratio at 1,836.109. (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 15th edition, Chicago, 1977), Vol. 5, p. 80. Current scientific opinion holds that the hydrogen atom weighs 1.6735 X 10-24 grams, and that electrons weigh 9.1 x 10-2 8 grams, or 1/1,839th as much as the hydrogen atom. Protons are believed to weigh 1,836.1 times as much as an electron.

It should be noted that the edit apparently required to make this passage consistent is not easily explained. Unlike other such problems, allowance for a simple clerical error does not reconstruct the text.

Original Paragraph:
^{P477:1, 42:6.7} Each atom is a trifle over 1/100,000,000th of an inch in diameter, while an electron weighs a little less than 1/2,000th of the smallest atom, hydrogen. The positive proton, characteristic of the atomic nucleus, while it may be no larger than a negative electron, weighs from two to three thousand times more.

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Urantia Foundation placed "well-nigh" before "instantaneous" in "always been the instantaneous" in all printings after the first. It is unclear how this addition would correct an earlier error. The known elements with an atomic number greater than 100 disrupt very quickly, but not instantaneously. #101, Mendelevium, has a half-life of 1.5 hours; #102, Nobelium, 1.5 hours; #103, Lawrencium, 180 seconds; #104, Rutherfordium, 70 seconds; #105 Hahnium, 40 seconds; and #106 (unnamed), has a half-life of 0.9 seconds.

Original Paragraph:
^{P478:1, 42:7.7} In Orvonton it has never been possible naturally to assemble over one hundred orbital electrons in one atomic system. When one hundred and one have been artificially introduced into the orbital field, the result has always been the instantaneous disruption of the central proton with the wild dispersion of the electrons and other liberated energies.

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"cosmic reality from"

changed to

"cosmic reality, from"

Original Paragraph:
^{P480:4, 42:10.1} The endless sweep of relative cosmic reality from the absoluteness of Paradise monota to the absoluteness of space potency, is suggestive of certain evolutions of relationship in the nonspiritual realities of the First Source and Center -- those realities which are concealed in space potency, revealed in monota, and provisionally disclosed on intervening cosmic levels. This eternal cycle of energy, being circuited in the Father of universes, is absolute and, being absolute, is expansile in neither fact nor value; nevertheless the Primal Father is even now -- as always -- self-realizing of an ever-expanding arena of time-space, and of time-space-transcended, meanings, an arena of changing relationships wherein energy-matter is being progressively subjected to the overcontrol of living and divine spirit through the experiential striving of living and personal mind.

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The 1955 edition read "almost four thousand years ago"; in all subsequent Urantia Foundation printings, "four" was changed to "forty". ."Forty" does appear to be correct (see (119:7.2)). The statement that the bestowal school college "was established four thousand years ago, immediately after the announcement by Michael that Urantia had been chosen as the world for his final bestowal" is not in accord with another passage at 119:7.2, which states that Michael announced that he had selected Urantia as the theater for his final bestowal more than 35,000 years ago.

Original Paragraph:
^{P486:5, 43:1.6} The Melchizedeks also maintain two special colleges on Edentia. One, the emergency school, is devoted to the study of problems growing out of the Satania rebellion. The other, the bestowal school, is dedicated to the mastery of the new problems arising out of the fact that Michael made his final bestowal on one of the worlds of Norlatiadek. This latter college was established almost four thousand years ago, immediately after the announcement by Michael that Urantia had been selected as the world for his final bestowal.

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"rekeyed" in the 1955 edition was changed in all other Urantia Foundation printings to "re-keyed". As its meaning may be clearer in hyphenated form, and as it is found elsewhere in the 1955 edition in that form (48:2.14), the present editors have elected to use "re-keyed" in this edition.

Original Paragraph:
^{P494:1, 43:8.2} The time spent on the seventy training worlds of transition morontia culture associated with the Edentia age of mortal ascension, is the most settled period in an ascending mortal's career up to the status of a finaliter; this is really the typical morontia life. While you are rekeyed each time you pass from one major cultural world to another, you retain the same morontia body, and there are no periods of personality unconsciousness.

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After the first Urantia Foundation printing, the comma in "headquarters worlds, may be found" was removed.

Original Paragraph:
^{P497:1, 44:0.1} Among the courtesy colonies of the various divisional and universe headquarters worlds, may be found the unique order of composite personalities denominated the celestial artisans. These beings are the master artists and artisans of the morontia and lower spirit realms. They are the spirits and semispirits who are engaged in morontia embellishment and in spiritual beautification. Such artisans are distributed throughout the grand universe -- on the headquarters worlds of the superuniverses, the local universes, the constellations, and systems, as well as on all spheres settled in light and life; but their chief realm of activity is in the constellations and especially on the seven hundred seventy worlds surrounding each headquarters sphere.

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"Some time they hope to"

changed to

"Sometime they hope to"

Original Paragraph:
^{P515:5, 45:5.6} On Jerusem these reproducing Sons are permitted to experiment with the ideals of self-government after the manner of the Melchizedeks, and they are achieving a very high type of society. The higher orders of sonship reserve the veto functions of the realm, but in nearly every respect the Jerusem Adamites govern themselves by universal suffrage and representative government. Some time they hope to be granted virtually complete autonomy.

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In the third (1971) printing of the Urantia Foundation's edition, the semicolon following "them" was replaced by a comma. The semicolon is the correct choice for joining two independent clauses.

Original Paragraph:
^{P520:4, 46:1.8} Jerusem receives faint light from several near-by suns -- a sort of brilliant starlight -- but it is not dependent on them; worlds like Jerusem are not subject to the vicissitudes of sun disturbances, neither are they confronted with the problem of a cooling or dying sun.

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"exhibits are in charge of"

changed to

"exhibits are in the charge of"

Original Paragraph:
^{P525:6, 46:5.17} These exhibits are in charge of the native life of Jerusem, but they are assisted by the ascenders from the various Satania worlds who are tarrying on Jerusem en route to Edentia. The portrayal of planetary conditions and world progress is effected by many methods, some known to you, but mostly by techniques unknown on Urantia. These exhibits occupy the outer edge of this vast wall. The remainder of the promenade is almost entirely open, being highly and magnificently embellished.

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In the 7th (1981) and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings, "in charge of" was changed to "in the charge of". This was an unnecessary edit, as "in charge of' (without the article "the" inserted), may be used in this passive sense. Though it is a less common construction than the active formulation, the meaning remains essentially identical to the active formulation: "The morontia supervisors and the Melchizedeks are in charge of the seven mansion worlds." Another instance of this construction occurs at 73:7.4. See the Oxford English Dictionary for a description of these usages. (1933 edition, Volume "C", page 284; 1971 Compact Edition, page 381.)

Original Paragraph:
^{P530:4, 47:0.4} The seven mansion worlds are in charge of the morontia supervisors and the Melchizedeks. There is an acting governor on each world who is directly responsible to the Jerusem rulers. The Uversa conciliators maintain headquarters on each of the mansion worlds, while adjoining is the local rendezvous of the Technical Advisers. The reversion directors and celestial artisans maintain group headquarters on each of these worlds. The spironga function from mansion world number two onward, while all seven, in common with the other transitional-culture planets and the headquarters world, are abundantly provided with spornagia of standard creation.

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The comma in "daily, coming in at the rate" which was present in the 1955 text, was deleted in the third (1971) and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P563:6, 49:3.3} Millions upon millions of meteorites enter the atmosphere of Urantia daily, coming in at the rate of almost two hundred miles a second. On the nonbreathing worlds the advanced races must do much to protect themselves from meteor damage by making electrical installations which operate to consume or shunt the meteors. Great danger confronts them when they venture beyond these protected zones. These worlds are also subject to disastrous electrical storms of a nature unknown on Urantia. During such times of tremendous energy fluctuation the inhabitants must take refuge in their special structures of protective insulation.

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The hyphen in "far-distant" was removed in the sixth (1978) and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P587:1, 51:6.3} Think what it would mean on your world if somewhere in the Levant there were a world center of civilization, a great planetary university of culture, which had functioned uninterruptedly for 37,000 years. And again, pause to consider how the moral authority of even such an ancient center would be reinforced were there situated not far-distant still another and older headquarters of celestial ministry whose traditions would exert a cumulative force of 500,000 years of integrated evolutionary influence. It is custom which eventually spreads the ideals of Eden to a whole world.

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"according to His promise" changed to "according to his promise"; also, "found by Him in peace" changed to "found by him in peace"

Original Paragraph:
^{P600:4, 52:7.15} All the worlds of Satania can join in the hope of the one who wrote: "Nevertheless we, according to His promise, look for a new heaven and a new earth, wherein dwells righteousness. Wherefore, beloved, seeing that you look for such things, be diligent that you may be found by Him in peace, without spot and blameless."

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In the eleventh Urantia Foundation printing (1993), a comma was inserted after "preceded it" in "which preceded it, there was no"

Original Paragraph:
^{P605:6, 53:5.2} At the time of this rebellion and the two which preceded it there was no absolute and personal sovereign authority in the universe of Nebadon. Michael ruled by divine right, as vicegerent of the Universal Father, but not yet in his own personal right. He had not completed his bestowal career; he had not yet been vested with "all power in heaven and on earth."

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In the second (1967) and following Urantia Foundation printings, "681,227" was changed to "681,217", presumably because of the reference in (51:1.5): "Since the inception of the system of Satania, thirteen Planetary Adams have been lost in rebellion and default and 681,204 in the subordinate positions of trust." It does appear that one of the numbers is in error, but whether 681,227 should be reduced to 681,217, or 681,204 should be increased to 681,214 is not apparent from the text.

Original Paragraph:
^{P608:4, 53:7.8} The greatest loss occurred in the angelic ranks, but most of the lower orders of intelligence were involved in disloyalty. Of the 681,227 Material Sons lost in Satania, ninety-five per cent were casualties of the Lucifer rebellion. Large numbers of midway creatures were lost on those individual planets whose Planetary Princes joined the Lucifer cause.

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"In so doing this onetime" changed to "In so doing, this onetime" by addition of a comma following "doing."

Original Paragraph:
^{P614:8, 54:2.3} Lucifer's folly was the attempt to do the nondoable, to short-circuit time in an experiential universe. Lucifer's crime was the attempted creative disenfranchisement of every personality in Satania, the unrecognized abridgment of the creature's personal participation — freewill participation — in the long evolutionary struggle to attain the status of light and life both individually and collectively. In so doing, this onetime Sovereign of your system set the temporal purpose of his own will directly athwart the eternal purpose of God's will as it is revealed in the bestowal of free will upon all personal creatures. The Lucifer rebellion thus threatened the maximum possible infringement of the freewill choice of the ascenders and servers of the system of Satania — a threat forevermore to deprive every one of these beings of the thrilling experience of contributing something personal and unique to the slowly erecting monument to experiential wisdom which will sometime exist as the perfected system of Satania. Thus does the Lucifer manifesto, masquerading in the habiliments of liberty, stand forth in the clear light of reason as a monumental threat to consummate the theft of personal liberty and to do it on a scale that has been approached only twice in all the history of Nebadon.

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In the eleventh (1993) Urantia Foundation printing, a comma was inserted after "not" in "At least I was not, even when."

Original Paragraph:
^{P620:2, 54:6.10} As you ascend in the survival experience, you will broaden your universe concepts and extend your horizon of meanings and values; and thus will you be able the better to understand why such beings as Lucifer and Satan are permitted to continue in rebellion. You will also better comprehend how ultimate (if not immediate) good can be derived from time-limited evil. After you attain Paradise, you will really be enlightened and comforted when you listen to the superaphic philosophers discuss and explain these profound problems of universe adjustment. But even then, I doubt that you will be fully satisfied in your own minds. At least I was not, even when I had thus attained the acme of universe philosophy. I did not achieve a full comprehension of these complexities until after I had been assigned to administrative duties in the superuniverse, where by actual experience I have acquired conceptual capacity adequate for the comprehension of such many-sided problems in cosmic equity and spiritual philosophy. As you ascend Paradiseward, you will increasingly learn that many problematic features of universe administration can only be comprehended subsequent to the acquirement of increased experiential capacity and to the achievement of enhanced spiritual insight. Cosmic wisdom is essential to the understanding of cosmic situations.

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While all Urantia Foundation printings have the article "the" at this point, it seems highly likely that "the" is incorrect, being an inadvertent typographical truncation of "these", which would clarify the meaning of an otherwise obscure sentence.

Original Paragraph:
^{P628:5, 55:4.14} 4. The fourth stage of light and life. On the worlds the Trinity Teacher Sons appear in new roles. Assisted by the creature-trinitized sons so long associated with their order, they now come to the worlds as volunteer counselors and advisers to the Planetary Sovereign and his associates. Such couples — Paradise-Havona-trinitized sons and ascender-trinitized sons — represent differing universe viewpoints and diverse personal experiences which are highly serviceable to the planetary rulers.

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Beginning with the sixth (1978) Urantia Foundation printing, the word "millennium" was misspelled as "millenium."

Original Paragraph:
^{P632:3, 55:7.4} This settled age continues on and on until every inhabited planet in the system attains the era of stabilization; and then, when the youngest world — the last to achieve light and life -- has experienced such settledness for one millennium of system time, the entire system enters the stabilized status, and the individual worlds are ushered into the system epoch of the era of light and life.

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In the third and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings, the plural form "entertain" was replaced with the singular "entertains". Both the 1934 Webster's International Dictionary and the 1933 Oxford English Dictionary attest that "none" as a pronoun commonly takes the plural verb, as was used in the first two printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P636:6, 55:12.5} None of us entertain a satisfactory concept of what will happen when the grand universe (the seven superuniverses as dependent on Havona) becomes entirely settled in light and life. That event will undoubtedly be the most profound occurrence in the annals of eternity since the appearance of the central universe. There are those who hold that the Supreme Being himself will emerge from the Havona mystery enshrouding his spirit person and will become residential on the headquarters of the seventh superuniverse as the almighty and experiential sovereign of the perfected creations of time and space. But we really do not know.

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"on the other hand the new orders" changed to "on the other hand, the new orders" by the addition of a comma following "hand."

Original Paragraph:
^{P643:2, 56:7.8} We do know, however, that in the universes of time and space, God the Sevenfold provides a progressive approach to the Universal Father, and that this evolutionary approach is experientially unified in God the Supreme. We might conjecture that such a plan must prevail in the outer universes; on the other hand the new orders of beings that may sometime inhabit these universes may be able to approach Deity on ultimate levels and by absonite techniques. In short, we have not the slightest concept of what technique of deity approach may become operative in the future universes of outer space.

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900,000,000,000 years ago the" changed to "900,000,000,000 years ago, the" by the addition of a comma following "ago."

Original Paragraph:
^{P651:6, 57:1.4} 900,000,000,000 years ago, the Uversa archives testify, there was recorded a permit issued by the Uversa Council of Equilibrium to the superuniverse government authorizing the dispatch of a force organizer and staff to the region previously designated by inspector number 811,307. The Orvonton authorities commissioned the original discoverer of this potential universe to execute the mandate of the Ancients of Days calling for the organization of a new material creation.

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The comma following the word "flow" was removed in the third (1971) and following Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P662:5, 57:8.18} Electric disturbances in the air and in the earth were also decreasing. The lava flows had brought to the surface a mixture of elements which diversified the crust and better insulated the planet from certain space-energies. And all of this did much to facilitate the control of terrestrial energy and to regulate its flow, as is disclosed by the functioning of the magnetic poles.

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"one two-billionths"

changed to

"one two-billionth"

Original Paragraph:
^{P665:4, 58:2.1} The planetary atmosphere filters through to the earth about one two-billionths of the sun's total light emanation. If the light falling upon North America were paid for at the rate of two cents per kilowatt-hour, the annual light bill would be upward of 800 quadrillion dollars. Chicago's bill for sunshine would amount to considerably over 100 million dollars a day. And it should be remembered that you receive from the sun other forms of energy — light is not the only solar contribution reaching your atmosphere. Vast solar energies pour in upon Urantia embracing wave lengths ranging both above and below the recognition range of human vision.

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The statement that shrimp, crabs, and lobsters existed as marine life 360,000,000 years ago -- the date given in the previous paragraph -- is at odds with current scientific opinion, which holds that "true" decapods-shrimps, crabs, crayfish, and lobsters, did not appear until the Permian (280 to 225 million years ago). Possibly this reference refers to some of the varied fauna of Crustacea which have been discovered in the Canadian Rockies as early as the middle Cambrian, believed to be some 535 million years ago.

Original Paragraph:
^{P674:4, 59:1.14} The marine life was much alike the world over and consisted of the seaweeds, one-celled organisms, simple sponges, trilobites, and other crustaceans -- shrimps, crabs, and lobsters. Three thousand varieties of brachiopods appeared at the close of this period, only two hundred of which have survived. These animals represent a variety of early life which has come down to the present time practically unchanged.

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"muscles, clams, oysters, and scallops"

changed to

"mussels, clams, oysters, and scallops"

Original Paragraph:
^{P676:3, 59:2.12} There were many varieties of shell animals, but their shells were not then so much needed for defensive purposes as in subsequent ages. The gastropods were present in the waters of the ancient seas, and they included single-shelled drills, periwinkles, and snails. The bivalve gastropods have come on down through the intervening millions of years much as they then existed and embrace the muscles, clams, oysters, and scallops. The valve-shelled organisms also evolved, and these brachiopods lived in those ancient waters much as they exist today; they even had hinged, notched, and other sorts of protective arrangements of their valves.

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In the phrase concerning the ancient rock layers, where "deposits have since been greatly deformed by tilting, upheavals, and faulting, and many have been changed to quartz, shale, and marble," the word "shale" appears to have been inadvertently substituted for "slate." An earlier passage notes that pressure turned sandstone into quartz, shale into slate, and limestone into marble. (59:1.12)

Original Paragraph:
^{P676:5, 59:3.1} 300,000,000 years ago another great period of land submergence began. The southward and northward encroachment of the ancient Silurian seas made ready to engulf most of Europe and North America. The land was not elevated far above the sea so that not much deposition occurred about the shore lines. The seas teemed with lime-shelled life, and the falling of these shells to the sea bottom gradually built up very thick layers of limestone. This is the first widespread limestone deposit, and it covers practically all of Europe and North America but only appears at the earth's surface in a few places. The thickness of this ancient rock layer averages about one thousand feet, but many of these deposits have since been greatly deformed by tilting, upheavals, and faulting, and many have been changed to quartz, shale, and marble.

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"But some time previously"

changed to

"But sometime previously"

Original Paragraph:
^{P691:1, 60:3.20} 60,000,000 years ago, though the land reptiles were on the decline, the dinosaurs continued as monarchs of the land, the lead now being taken by the more agile and active types of the smaller leaping kangaroo varieties of the carnivorous dinosaurs. But some time previously there had appeared new types of the herbivorous dinosaurs, whose rapid increase was due to the appearance of the grass family of land plants. One of these new grass-eating dinosaurs was a true quadruped having two horns and a capelike shoulder flange. The land type of turtle, twenty feet across, appeared as did also the modern crocodile and true snakes of the modern type. Great changes were also occurring among the fishes and other forms of marine life.

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"three times Bering Strait"

changed to

"three times the Bering Strait"

Original Paragraph:
^{P693:2, 61:0.2} During this Cenozoic age the world's landscape presented an attractive appearance — rolling hills, broad valleys, wide rivers, and great forests. Twice during this sector of time the Panama Isthmus went up and down; three times Bering Strait land bridge did the same. The animal types were both many and varied. The trees swarmed with birds, and the whole world was an animal paradise, notwithstanding the incessant struggle of the evolving animal species for supremacy.

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The 1955 printing used the spelling "martins" here. All later Urantia Foundation printings substituted "martens". The original spelling is a correct, though less common, variant.

Original Paragraph:
^{P697:8, 61:3.13} The dog family was represented by several groups, notably wolves and foxes; the cat tribe, by panthers and large saber-toothed tigers, the latter first evolving in North America. The modern cat and dog families increased in numbers all over the world. Weasels, martins, otters, and raccoons thrived and developed throughout the northern latitudes.

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"the Holocene or"

changed to

"the Holocene or" with Holocene in italics

Original Paragraph:
^{P702:8, 61:7.18} 35,000 years ago marks the termination of the great ice age excepting in the polar regions of the planet. This date is also significant in that it approximates the arrival of a Material Son and Daughter and the beginning of the Adamic dispensation, roughly corresponding to the beginning of the Holocene or postglacial period.

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"ameba"

changed to

"amoeba"

Original Paragraph:
^{P732:2, 65:2.4} The higher protozoan type of animal life soon appeared, and appeared suddenly. And from these far-distant times the ameba, the typical single-celled animal organism, has come on down but little modified. He disports himself today much as he did when he was the last and greatest achievement in life evolution. This minute creature and his protozoan cousins are to the animal creation what bacteria are to the plant kingdom; they represent the survival of the first early evolutionary steps in life differentiation together with failure of subsequent development.

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After the 1955 Urantia Foundation printing, "sometime" was changed to "sometimes." The predictive used in the original form "sometime" seems to be more consistent with the context. To paraphrase: '..philosophy eventually becomes the chief pursuit of the citizens of the ideal state', while "sometimes," conveys the impression that '..philosophy occasionally becomes the chief pursuit of the citizens of the ideal state'.

Original Paragraph:
^{P806:2, 71:7.2} In the ideal state, education continues throughout life, and philosophy sometime becomes the chief pursuit of its citizens. The citizens of such a commonwealth pursue wisdom as an enhancement of insight into the significance of human relations, the meanings of reality, the nobility of values, the goals of living, and the glories of cosmic destiny.

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In the second (1967) and succeeding Urantia Foundation printings, "between" was changed to "among." "Between" can appropriately be used when more than two objects are related, especially if the relationship is to each object individually rather than in an indeterminate way to the group. Here, the relationship is the division of time between world capitals; it is immaterial that there are more than two capitals involved. This usage is illustrated by a sentence from Johnson's Boswell used as an example in both the OFD and Webster's: "I hope that between public business, improving studies, and domestic pleasures, neither melancholy nor caprice will find any place for entrance."- His time is likewise divided between several pursuits. (See Oxford English Dictionary, 1933; Webster's New International Dictionary, 1934) Also in this paragraph, "headquarters to be in charge of" changed to "headquarters to be in the charge of."

Original Paragraph:
^{P827:3, 73:7.4} The instructions given Adam by the Melchizedeks implied that he was to establish racial, continental, and divisional headquarters to be in charge of his immediate sons and daughters, while he and Eve were to divide their time between these various world capitals as advisers and co-ordinators of the world-wide ministry of biologic uplift, intellectual advancement, and moral rehabilitation.

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"has passed, the age"

changed to

"has passed; the age"

Original Paragraph:
^{P830:3, 74:2.8} Then was heard the archangels' proclamation, and the broadcast voice of Gabriel decreed the second judgment roll call of Urantia and the resurrection of the sleeping survivors of the second dispensation of grace and mercy on 606 of Satania. The dispensation of the Prince has passed, the age of Adam, the third planetary epoch, opens amidst scenes of simple grandeur; and the new rulers of Urantia start their reign under seemingly favorable conditions, notwithstanding the world-wide confusion occasioned by lack of the co-operation of their predecessor in authority on the planet.

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"of the first Eden Adam had"

changed to

"of the first Eden, Adam had"

Original Paragraph:
^{P848:3, 76:2.3} In the days of the first Eden Adam had indeed sought to discourage the offering of animal sacrifice so that Cain had a justifiable precedent for his contentions. It was, however, difficult to organize the religious life of the second Eden. Adam was burdened with a thousand and one details associated with the work of building, defense, and agriculture. Being much depressed spiritually, he intrusted the organization of worship and education to those of Nodite extraction who had served in these capacities in the first garden; and in even so short a time the officiating Nodite priests were reverting to the standards and rulings of pre-Adamic times.

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The comma following "universe" in "Michael, the sovereign of this universe, was so soon" was removed in the third (1971) and following Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P852:2, 76:5.3} Adam knew about the dispensational resurrection which occurred simultaneously with his arrival on the planet, and he believed that he and his companion would probably be repersonalized in connection with the advent of the next order of sonship. He did not know that Michael, the sovereign of this universe, was so soon to appear on Urantia; he expected that the next Son to arrive would be of the Avonal order. Even so, it was always a comfort to Adam and Eve, as well as something difficult for them to understand, to ponder the only personal message they ever received from Michael. This message, among other expressions of friendship and comfort, said: "I have given consideration to the circumstances of your default, I have remembered the desire of your hearts ever to be loyal to my Father's will, and you will be called from the embrace of mortal slumber when I come to Urantia if the subordinate Sons of my realm do not send for you before that time."

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"was indorsed."

changed to

"was endorsed."

Original Paragraph:
^{P858:2, 77:3.1} After the submergence of Dalamatia the Nodites moved north and east, presently founding the new city of Dilmun as their racial and cultural headquarters. And about fifty thousand years after the death of Nod, when the offspring of the Prince's staff had become too numerous to find subsistence in the lands immediately surrounding their new city of Dilmun, and after they had reached out to intermarry with the Andonite and Sangik tribes adjoining their borders, it occurred to their leaders that something should be done to preserve their racial unity. Accordingly a council of the tribes was called, and after much deliberation the plan of Bablot, a descendant of Nod, was indorsed.

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"building the tower."

changed to

"building the tower:"

Original Paragraph:
^{P858:5, 77:3.4} But the Nodites were still somewhat divided in sentiment as to the plans and purposes of this undertaking. Neither were their leaders altogether agreed concerning either construction plans or usage of the buildings after they should be completed. After four and one-half years of work a great dispute arose about the object and motive for the erection of the tower. The contentions became so bitter that all work stopped. The food carriers spread the news of the dissension, and large numbers of the tribes began to forgather at the building site. Three differing views were propounded as to the purpose of building the tower:

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"Him all sorts"

changed to

"him all sorts"

Original Paragraph:
^{P863:7, 77:7.6} It is no mere figure of speech when the record states: "And they brought to Him all sorts of sick peoples, those who were possessed by devils and those who were lunatics." Jesus knew and recognized the difference between insanity and demoniacal possession, although these states were greatly confused in the minds of those who lived in his day and generation.

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The comma following "times," in "the doings of historic times, and who have" was removed in the third (1971) and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P868:1, 78:0.1} The second Eden was the cradle of civilization for almost thirty thousand years. Here in Mesopotamia the Adamic peoples held forth, sending out their progeny to the ends of the earth, and latterly, as amalgamated with the Nodite and Sangik tribes, were known as the Andites. From this region went those men and women who initiated the doings of historic times, and who have so enormously accelerated cultural progress on Urantia.

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In the 1955 Urantia Foundation printing, "anyway" was used. All later printings show "any way." In this edition, the latter form has been used as it appears to be the appropriate form when serving as an adverb only, rather than as an adverbial conjunction, in which case the compounded "anyway" is more common. (See Oxford English Dictionary, 1933)

Original Paragraph:
^{P870:1, 78:2.3} The civilization, society, and cultural status of the Adamites were far above the general level of the evolutionary races of Urantia. Only among the old settlements of Van and Amadon and the Adamsonites was there a civilization in anyway comparable. But the civilization of the second Eden was an artificial structure — it had not been evolved — and was therefore doomed to deteriorate until it reached a natural evolutionary level.

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In the first Urantia Foundation printing, "commercial" was misspelled "commerical."

Original Paragraph:
^{P881:5, 79:3.5} But for more than seven thousand years, down to the end of the Andite migrations, the religious status of the inhabitants of India was far above that of the world at large. During these times India bid fair to produce the leading cultural, religious, philosophic, and commerical civilization of the world. And but for the complete submergence of the Andites by the peoples of the south, this destiny would probably have been realized.

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The 1955 Urantia Foundation printing placed "west" at this location rather than "east." Because the term does not appear to be a title for the western hemisphere, "east" has been used in all subsequent Urantia Foundation printings. The Bering isthmus, over which the red races passed to North America, is east, rather than west, of their Asian home.

Original Paragraph:
^{P883:7, 79:5.6} One hundred thousand years ago the decimated tribes of the red race were fighting with their backs to the retreating ice of the last glacier, and when the land passage to the west, over the Bering isthmus, became passable, these tribes were not slow in forsaking the inhospitable shores of the Asiatic continent. It is eighty-five thousand years since the last of the pure red men departed from Asia, but the long struggle left its genetic imprint upon the victorious yellow race. The northern Chinese peoples, together with the Andonite Siberians, assimilated much of the red stock and were in considerable measure benefited thereby.

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In the tenth (1990) and following Urantia Foundation printings, "Graeco-Roman" was changed to "Greco-Roman." It should be noted that both spellings are correct, and both are found in various places in the 1955 text.

Original Paragraph:
^{P887:3, 79:8.3} Consciousness of past achievements (somewhat diminished in the present), the conservatism of an overwhelmingly agricultural people, and a well-developed family life equaled the birth of ancestor veneration, culminating in the custom of so honoring the men of the past as to border on worship. A very similar attitude prevailed among the white races in Europe for some five hundred years following the disruption of Graeco-Roman civilization.

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"for sometime controlled" changed to "for some time controlled" — The 1955 text read "sometime" rather than "some time." The latter form seems correct as the reference is to an indefinite period of time rather than to an indefinite point in time. (See Webster's, 1934

Original Paragraph:
^{P894:1, 80:5.8} By 5000 B.C. the evolving white races were dominant throughout all of northern Europe, including northern Germany, northern France, and the British Isles. Central Europe was for sometime controlled by the blue man and the round-headed Andonites. The latter were mainly situated in the Danube valley and were never entirely displaced by the Andites.

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In the tenth and following Urantia Foundation printings, "life-long" was changed to "lifelong." As both forms are correct, and as both forms are found elsewhere in the revelation, this change seems needless.

Original Paragraph:
^{P928:7, 83:7.6} The real test of marriage, all down through the ages, has been that continuous intimacy which is inescapable in all family life. Two pampered and spoiled youths, educated to expect every indulgence and full gratification of vanity and ego, can hardly hope to make a great success of marriage and home building -- a life-long partnership of self-effacement, compromise, devotion, and unselfish dedication to child culture.

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Some readers believe that the "G" in "Greeks" is a mistaken typeset, and should have been a "C", making the passage refer to the "Creeks," an Amerindian tribe known to have practiced annual ritual baths. Current research into Urantia Book source materials (June 2000) indicates that this was "Creeks" in the source work. See note below.

Original Paragraph:

^{P946:8, 85:4.1} Mankind has worshiped earth, air, water, and fire. The primitive races venerated springs and worshiped rivers. Even now in Mongolia there flourishes an influential river cult. Baptism became a religious ceremonial in Babylon, and the Greeks practiced the annual ritual bath. It was easy for the ancients to imagine that the spirits dwelt in the bubbling springs, gushing fountains, flowing rivers, and raging torrents. Moving waters vividly impressed these simple minds with beliefs of spirit animation and supernatural power. Sometimes a drowning man would be refused succor for fear of offending some river god.

Here is what is believed to be the source material for this paragraph in The Urantia Book. It is from "Origin and Evolution of Religion" by E. Washburn Hopkins, the beginning of his Chapter 4:

Long before the four or five elements were recognized as such they were worshipped as natural powers. Water is worshipped in springs and streams by the savages of Africa and a river-cult is known to the Mongolians. Water washes away evil, disease, and old age; whence arose the idea that there was somewhere a fountain of youth or of immortality, the antithesis of which later was known as the (Hindu) "river of death." Magically, water is like fire in that evil spirits will not cross it. Water cleanses mentally. The Mimir spring (of wisdom) in Germany; Ea, god of water and wisdom in Babylon; Varuna, the "wise" god of water in India, are illustrations. Water cleanses morally. Baptism was practiced in Babylon. Religious use of water is prominent in the cult of the Amerinds. The Creeks bathed annually, after purging and fasting, to "wash out the sins of the year." The California sweat-bath removed ill and evil (in India this is merely a physical remedy). Strength returns after the bath; power is renewed by means of the water, whose divine power is absorbed through immersion. Hence, sprinkling with water kept off evil, thought of as demon, even in the rites of Polynesians, Hindus, etc., of which general belief our Christian baptism is a final expression, derived from Judaism. Compare the baptism of the proselyte and "bathing in Jordan." As a divine sentient power water, like fire, will not harm the innocent.

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In the 1955 Urantia Foundation printing had "Badanon" at this point. All later printings have changed this spelling to "Badonan."

Original Paragraph:
^{P955:5, 86:5.13} The children of Badanon developed a belief in two souls, the breath and the shadow. The early Nodite races regarded man as consisting of two persons, soul and body. This philosophy of human existence was later reflected in the Greek viewpoint. The Greeks themselves believed in three souls; the vegetative resided in the stomach, the animal in the heart, the intellectual in the head. The Eskimos believe that man has three parts: body, soul, and name.

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"against evil eye"

changed to

"against the evil eye"

Original Paragraph:
^{P962:6, 87:5.5} The Koran contains a whole chapter devoted to the evil eye and magic spells, and the Jews fully believed in them. The whole phallic cult grew up as a defense against evil eye. The organs of reproduction were thought to be the only fetish which could render it powerless. The evil eye gave origin to the first superstitions respecting prenatal marking of children, maternal impressions, and the cult was at one time well-nigh universal.

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"good luck, evil eye"

changed to

"good luck, the evil eye"

Original Paragraph:
^{P972:7, 88:6.7} Gradually science is removing the gambling element from life. But if modern methods of education should fail, there would be an almost immediate reversion to the primitive beliefs in magic. These superstitions still linger in the minds of many so-called civilized people. Language contains many fossils which testify that the race has long been steeped in magical superstition, such words as spellbound, ill-starred, possessions, inspiration, spirit away, ingenuity, entrancing, thunderstruck, and astonished. And intelligent human beings still believe in good luck, evil eye, and astrology.

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In the tenth and following Urantia Foundation printings, "life-long" was changed to "lifelong." As both forms are correct, and as both forms are found elsewhere in the revelation, this change seems needless.

Original Paragraph:
^{P982:5, 89:8.1} Sacrificial redemption and temple prostitution were in reality modifications of human sacrifice. Next came the mock sacrifice of daughters. This ceremony consisted in bloodletting, with dedication to life-long virginity, and was a moral reaction to the older temple harlotry. In more recent times virgins dedicated themselves to the service of tending the sacred temple fires.

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"Tenskwatawa" was spelled "Teuskwatowa" in the 1955 Urantia Foundation printing. It was changed in all later printings. However, the Shawnee Tenskwatawa predicted the eclipse of the sun in the year 1806 rather than 1808. Various sources (astronomy texts) reflect the date as being June 16, 1806.

Original Paragraph:
^{P988:5, 90:2.9} Ever and anon, true prophets and teachers arose to denounce and expose shamanism. Even the vanishing red man had such a prophet within the past hundred years, the Shawnee Teuskwatowa, who predicted the eclipse of the sun in 1808 and denounced the vices of the white man. Many true teachers have appeared among the various tribes and races all through the long ages of evolutionary history. And they will ever continue to appear to challenge the shamans or priests of any age who oppose general education and attempt to thwart scientific progress.

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The statement "But the primitive mind was neither logical nor consistent" is contradicted at 86:2.3 and 90:3.3, where the primitive mind is described as containing few ideas for intelligent association, and handicapped by lack of facts, but logical nonetheless.

Original Paragraph:
^{P995:2, 91:1.3} But the primitive mind was neither logical nor consistent. Early men did not perceive that material things were not the province of prayer. These simple-minded souls reasoned that food, shelter, rain, game, and other material goods enhanced the social welfare, and therefore they began to pray for these physical blessings. While this constituted a perversion of prayer, it encouraged the effort to realize these material objectives by social and ethical actions. Such a prostitution of prayer, while debasing the spiritual values of a people, nevertheless directly elevated their economic, social, and ethical mores.

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To preserve the parallel between "Orient and Occident," it is necessary to reverse the order of the phrase "Judaism and Hinduism."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1011:1, 92:6.3} The most advanced religions of ancient times were Judaism and Hinduism, and each respectively has greatly influenced the course of religious development in Orient and Occident. Both Hindus and Hebrews believed that their religions were inspired and revealed, and they believed all others to be decadent forms of the one true faith.

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All Urantia Foundation printings have read "Level values." During preparation of the Uversa Press Edition it was felt that "Level values" has no discernible meaning in this context, and that "of" must have been omitted at some point in the process of preparing the text for publication. The phrase "Level of values" is not only meaningful, but consistent with the context, and is also a parallel construction to the other items in this series: "Depth of meanings..."; "Consecration intensity..." (i.e., 'Intensity of consecration...'); and "... progress of the personality...".

Original Paragraph:
^{P1013:1, 92:7.6} The quality of a religion is indicated by:

Level of values — loyalties.

Depth of meanings — the sensitization of the individual to the idealistic appreciation of these highest values.

Consecration intensity — the degree of devotion to these divine values.

The unfettered progress of the personality in this cosmic path of idealistic spiritual living, realization of sonship with God and never-ending progressive citizenship in the universe.

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The 1955 printing showed the quote from Lao-tse beginning with the word "man's". This was changed in later printings to show the beginning of the quote with the word "everlasting"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1033:6, 94:6.3} Lao-tse built directly upon the concepts of the Salem traditions when he declared Tao to be the One First Cause of all creation. Lao was a man of great spiritual vision. He taught that "man's eternal destiny was everlasting union with Tao, Supreme God and Universal King." His comprehension of ultimate causation was most discerning, for he wrote: "Unity arises out of the Absolute Tao, and from Unity there appears cosmic Duality, and from such Duality, Trinity springs forth into existence, and Trinity is the primal source of all reality." "All reality is ever in balance between the potentials and the actuals of the cosmos, and these are eternally harmonized by the spirit of divinity."

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"Two-score" was replaced in the tenth (1990) and following Urantia Foundation printings with "twoscore." Aside from being an unnecessary edit, it appears to be an otherwise unknown compound word, found in neither the OED nor Webster's.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1044:2, 95:2.3} For ages the Egyptian peoples had been given to the worship of nature gods; more particularly did each of the two-score separate tribes have a special group god, one worshiping the bull, another the lion, a third the ram, and so on. Still earlier they had been totem tribes, very much like the Amerinds.

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"flaming disc"

changed to

"flaming disk"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1048:5, 95:5.11} But the priests could not fully overcome the monotheistic wave. Increasingly they were compelled to combine and hyphenate their gods; more and more the family of gods contracted. Ikhnaton had associated the flaming disc of the heavens with the creator God, and this idea continued to flame up in the hearts of men, even of the priests, long after the young reformer had passed on. Never did the concept of monotheism die out of the hearts of men in Egypt and in the world. It persisted even to the arrival of the Creator Son of that same divine Father, the one God whom Ikhnaton had so zealously proclaimed for the worship of all Egypt.

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Arabian Desert

changed to

Arabian desert

Original Paragraph:
^{P1056:1, 96:3.4} Moses endeavored to negotiate diplomatically for the freedom of his fellow Semites. He and his brother entered into a compact with the king of Egypt whereby they were granted permission peaceably to leave the valley of the Nile for the Arabian Desert. They were to receive a modest payment of money and goods in token of their long service in Egypt. The Hebrews for their part entered into an agreement to maintain friendly relations with the Pharaohs and not to join in any alliance against Egypt. But the king later saw fit to repudiate this treaty, giving as his reason the excuse that his spies had discovered disloyalty among the Bedouin slaves. He claimed they sought freedom for the purpose of going into the desert to organize the nomads against Egypt.

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"But none the less"

changed to

"But nonetheless"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1057:2, 96:4.6} Moses proclaimed that Yahweh was the Lord God of Israel, who had singled out the Hebrews as his chosen people; he was building a new nation, and he wisely nationalized his religious teachings, telling his followers that Yahweh was a hard taskmaster, a "jealous God." But none the less he sought to enlarge their concept of divinity when he taught them that Yahweh was the "God of the spirits of all flesh," and when he said, "The eternal God is your refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms." Moses taught that Yahweh was a covenant-keeping God; that he "will not forsake you, neither destroy you, nor forget the covenant of your fathers because the Lord loves you and will not forget the oath by which he swore to your fathers."

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"with your God."

changed to

"with your God?"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1067:3, 97:5.6} Ever the burden of Micah's message was: "Shall I come before God with burnt offerings? Will the Lord be pleased with a thousand rams or with ten thousand rivers of oil? Shall I give my first-born for my transgression, the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul? He has shown me, O man, what is good; and what does the Lord require of you but to do justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God." And it was a great age; these were indeed stirring times when mortal man heard, and some even believed, such emancipating messages more than two and a half millenniums ago. And but for the stubborn resistance of the priests, these teachers would have overthrown the whole bloody ceremonial of the Hebrew ritual of worship.

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"ascendency"

changed to

"ascendancy"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1074:5, 97:9.23} The real undoing of Judah was effected by a corrupt and rich ring of politicians operating under the rule of a boy king, Manasseh. The changing economy favored the return of the worship of Baal, whose private land dealings were against the ideology of Yahweh. The fall of Assyria and the ascendency of Egypt brought deliverance to Judah for a time, and the country folk took over. Under Josiah they destroyed the Jerusalem ring of corrupt politicians.

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"Graeco-Roman" in the 1955 text was changed to "Greco-Roman" in the second (1967) and all subsequent Urantia Foundation printings. The original has been restored here. As in (79:8.3), there seems to be no need to standardize the various authors' spellings when the alternate forms are correct.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1081:4, 98:4.1} The majority of people in the Graeco-Roman world, having lost their primitive family and state religions and being unable or unwilling to grasp the meaning of Greek philosophy, turned their attention to the spectacular and emotional mystery cults from Egypt and the Levant. The common people craved promises of salvation -- religious consolation for today and assurances of hope for immortality after death.

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"Only in the second"

changed to

"Only, in the second"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1098:2, 100:4.5} In the mind's eye conjure up a picture of one of your primitive ancestors of cave-dwelling times -- a short, misshapen, filthy, snarling hulk of a man standing, legs spread, club upraised, breathing hate and animosity as he looks fiercely just ahead. Such a picture hardly depicts the divine dignity of man. But allow us to enlarge the picture. In front of this animated human crouches a saber-toothed tiger. Behind him, a woman and two children. Immediately you recognize that such a picture stands for the beginnings of much that is fine and noble in the human race, but the man is the same in both pictures. Only in the second sketch you are favored with a widened horizon. You therein discern the motivation of this evolving mortal. His attitude becomes praiseworthy because you understand him. If you could only fathom the motives of your associates, how much better you would understand them. If you could only know your fellows, you would eventually fall in love with them.

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"ani malistic"

changed to

"animalistic"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1108:3, 101:3.4} Through religious faith the soul of man reveals itself and demonstrates the potential divinity of its emerging nature by the characteristic manner in which it induces the mortal personality to react to certain trying intellectual and testing social situations. Genuine spiritual faith (true moral consciousness) is revealed in that it:

Causes ethics and morals to progress despite inherent and adverse ani malistic tendencies.

Produces a sublime trust in the goodness of God even in the face of bitter disappointment and crushing defeat.

Generates profound courage and confidence despite natural adversity and physical calamity.

Exhibits inexplicable poise and sustaining tranquillity notwithstanding baffling diseases and even acute physical suffering.

Maintains a mysterious poise and composure of personality in the face of maltreatment and the rankest injustice.

Maintains a divine trust in ultimate victory in spite of the cruelties of seemingly blind fate and the apparent utter indifference of natural forces to human welfare.

Persists in the unswerving belief in God despite all contrary demonstrations of logic and successfully withstands all other intellectual sophistries.

Continues to exhibit undaunted faith in the soul's survival regardless of the deceptive teachings of false science and the persuasive delusions of unsound philosophy.

Lives and triumphs irrespective of the crushing overload of the complex and partial civilizations of modern times.

Contributes to the continued survival of altruism in spite of human selfishness, social antagonisms, industrial greeds, and political maladjustments.

Steadfastly adheres to a sublime belief in universe unity and divine guidance regardless of the perplexing presence of evil and sin.

Goes right on worshiping God in spite of anything and everything. Dares to declare, "Even though he slay me, yet will I serve him."

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"fact;"

changed to

"fact;" [Semicolon changed to italics.]

Original Paragraph:
^{P1122:7, 102:3.11} Science indicates Deity as a fact; philosophy presents the idea of an Absolute; religion envisions God as a loving spiritual personality. Revelation affirms the unity of the fact of Deity, the idea of the Absolute, and the spiritual personality of God and, further, presents this concept as our Father — the universal fact of existence, the eternal idea of mind, and the infinite spirit of life.

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In the phrase "Ethics is the eternal social or racial mirror," it is likely that an "x" was mistakenly dropped from the word "eternal," making ethics the external social or racial mirror which reflects internal spiritual and religious developments.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1127:8, 102:8.4} Ethics is the eternal social or racial mirror which faithfully reflects the otherwise unobservable progress of internal spiritual and religious developments. Man has always thought of God in the terms of the best he knew, his deepest ideas and highest ideals. Even historic religion has always created its God conceptions out of its highest recognized values. Every intelligent creature gives the name of God to the best and highest thing he knows.

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In the third (1971) and following Urantia Foundation printings, this semi-colon was changed to a comma. The original punctuation has been restored in this edition, as the use of a semi-colon is perfectly acceptable in this context.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1147:4, 104:3.9} Thus does the Paradise Trinity stand unique among absolute relationships; there are several existential triunities but only one existential Trinity. A triunity is not an entity. It is functional rather than organic. Its members are partners rather than corporative. The components of the triunities may be entities, but a triunity itself is an association.

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The 1955 Urantia Foundation printing had "co-relater" here. The spelling was changed in the second (1967) and following printings. It is possible that the original spelling was a coined extension of "co- relation" and "co-relative," both of which exist.

Original Paragraph:
^{1156:5, 105:3.8} 7. The Universal Absolute. Unifier of the deified and the undeified; co-relator of the absolute and the relative. The Universal Absolute (being static, potential, and associative) compensates the tension between the ever-existent and the uncompleted.

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"Co-existence" in the original text was changed in the tenth (1990) Urantia Foundation printing to "coexistence."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1156:6, 105:3.9} The Seven Absolutes of Infinity constitute the beginnings of reality. As mortal minds would regard it, the First Source and Center would appear to be antecedent to all absolutes. But such a postulate, however helpful, is invalidated by the eternity co-existence of the Son, the Spirit, the three Absolutes, and the Paradise Isle.

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In the 1955 text, "unrevealed" was capitalized; in the second and following Urantia Foundation printings the capitalization was removed. The lowercase version appears to he correct as "unrevealed" is apparently not part of the name (the title being found in several places without "unrevealed" preceding it), but is solely descriptive. In the one other case in which it appears with the title, "unrevealed" is not capitalized. (F:XII.7) "Unrevealed" is found in one other instance as a capitalized component of a title-"The Unrevealed Creative Agencies of the Ancients of Days" (30:1.21)-so such a format is possible, though unlikely in this instance.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1167:2, 106:5.1} The Ultimate is the apex of transcendental reality even as the Supreme is the capstone of evolutionary-experiential reality. And the actual emergence of these two experiential Deities lays the foundation for the second experiential Trinity. This is the Trinity Absolute, the union of God the Supreme, God the Ultimate, and the Unrevealed Consummator of Universe Destiny. And this Trinity has theoretical capacity to activate the Absolutes of potentiality — Deity, Universal, and Unqualified. But the completed formation of this Trinity Absolute could take place only after the completed evolution of the entire master universe, from Havona to the fourth and outermost space level.

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In the Urantia Foundation's printings six through nine, due to an error in re-setting type, "eternity" was written "eternal." The original usage was restored in their tenth printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1182:4, 107:6.2} The Adjuster is man's eternity possibility; man is the Adjuster's personality possibility. Your individual Adjusters work to spiritize you in the hope of eternalizing your temporal identity. The Adjusters are saturated with the beautiful and self-bestowing love of the Father of spirits. They truly and divinely love you; they are the prisoners of spirit hope confined within the minds of men. They long for the divinity attainment of your mortal minds that their loneliness may end, that they may be delivered with you from the limitations of material investiture and the habiliments of time.

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In the tenth (1990) and following Urantia Foundation Printings, "untrammelled" was replaced with "untrammeled." Both are acceptable spellings, so it is unclear why such a change would have been made.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1201:3, 109:7.2} Personalized Thought Adjusters are the untrammelled, unassigned, and sovereign stabilizers and compensators of the far-flung universe of universes. They combine the Creator and creature experience — existential and experiential. They are conjoint time and eternity beings. They associate the prepersonal and the personal in universe administration.

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In the tenth and subsequent Urantia Foundation printings, "light-hearted" was changed to "lighthearted."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1206:2, 110:3.4} I cannot but observe that so many of you spend so much time and thought on mere trifles of living, while you almost wholly overlook the more essential realities of everlasting import, those very accomplishments which are concerned with the development of a more harmonious working agreement between you and your Adjusters. The great goal of human existence is to attune to the divinity of the indwelling Adjuster; the great achievement of mortal life is the attainment of a true and understanding consecration to the eternal aims of the divine spirit who waits and works within your mind. But a devoted and determined effort to realize eternal destiny is wholly compatible with a light-hearted and joyous life and with a successful and honorable career on earth. Co-operation with the Thought Adjuster does not entail self-torture, mock piety, or hypocritical and ostentatious self-abasement; the ideal life is one of loving service rather than an existence of fearful apprehension.

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"un-co-ordinated" in the original text was changed to "unco-ordinated" in the tenth and following Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1208:1, 110:5.2} Man's dream experiences, that disordered and disconnected parade of the un-co-ordinated sleeping mind, present adequate proof of the failure of the Adjusters to harmonize and associate the divergent factors of the mind of man. The Adjusters simply cannot, in a single lifetime, arbitrarily co-ordinate and synchronize two such unlike and diverse types of thinking as the human and the divine. When they do, as they sometimes have, such souls are translated directly to the mansion worlds without the necessity of passing through the experience of death.

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"ba;"

changed to

"ba;" [Semicolon changed to italics.]

Original Paragraph:
^{P1215:4, 111:0.4} In the conception of the atman the Hindu teachers really approximated an appreciation of the nature and presence of the Adjuster, but they failed to distinguish the copresence of the evolving and potentially immortal soul. The Chinese, however, recognized two aspects of a human being, the yang and the yin, the soul and the spirit. The Egyptians and many African tribes also believed in two factors, the ka and the ba; the soul was not usually believed to be pre-existent, only the spirit.

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"united midwayers"

changed to

"United Midwayers"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1252:6, 114:3.2} The resident governor general has no actual personal authority in the management of world affairs except as the representative of the twenty-four Jerusem counselors. He acts as the co-ordinator of superhuman administration and is the respected head and universally recognized leader of the celestial beings functioning on Urantia. All orders of angelic hosts regard him as their co-ordinating director, while the united midwayers, since the departure of 1-2-3 the first to become one of the twenty-four counselors, really look upon the successive governors general as their planetary fathers.

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"Freewillness" in the original text was changed to "free-willness" in the tenth (1990) and later Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1299:5, 118:6.2} To advocate the omnificence of primal Deity would be equal to disenfranchising well-nigh a million Creator Sons of Paradise, not to mention the innumerable hosts of various other orders of concurring creative assistants. There is but one uncaused Cause in the whole universe. All other causes are derivatives of this one First Great Source and Center. And none of this philosophy does any violence to the Freewillness of the myriads of the children of Deity scattered through a vast universe.

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"God identified" was hyphenated to "God-identified" in the 7th (1981) and following Urantia Foundation printings, An argument can he made that the hyphen is appropriate, given the parallelism to "God-unidentified" in the same paragraph, but the change hardly seems necessary.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1301:2, 118:7.5} Iniquity in the finite domains reveals the transient reality of all God-unidentified selfhood. Only as a creature becomes God identified, does he become truly real in the universes. Finite personality is not self-created, but in the superuniverse arena of choice it does self-determine destiny.

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The phrase "in the manger" was deleted in the second and all subsequent Urantia Foundation printings, leaving the sentence: "These men of God visited the newborn child." Presumably, this change was made because according to 122:8.1 -7, three wise men from the east visited Jesus when he was almost three weeks old, after the family had moved out of the stable and perhaps after they had left the inn.

The text has been restored to its original form in this edition because it is certainly possible that Joseph and Mary might have taken the manger with them up to the room in the inn in order to continue to have a cradle for Jesus. The need for a cradle would have been no less in the inn than in the stable, and if the manger was portable, moving it along with the family seems quite reasonable.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1317:2, 119:7.6} Certain wise men of earth knew of Michael's impending arrival. Through the contacts of one world with another, these wise men of spiritual insight learned of the forthcoming bestowal of Michael on Urantia. And the seraphim did, through the midway creatures, make announcement to a group of Chaldean priests whose leader was Ardnon. These men of God visited the newborn child in the manger. The only supernatural event associated with the birth of Jesus was this announcement to Ardnon and his associates by the seraphim of former attachment to Adam and Eve in the first garden.

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"some time to return"

changed to

"sometime to return"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1319:1, 119:8.8} Urantia is the sentimental shrine of all Nebadon, the chief of ten million inhabited worlds, the mortal home of Christ Michael, sovereign of all Nebadon, a Melchizedek minister to the realms, a system savior, an Adamic redeemer, a seraphic fellow, an associate of ascending spirits, a morontia progressor, a Son of Man in the likeness of mortal flesh, and the Planetary Prince of Urantia. And your record tells the truth when it says that this same Jesus has promised some time to return to the world of his terminal bestowal, the World of the Cross.

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"[This paper ... Urantia time.]"

changed to

"This paper ... Urantia time." [Brackets removed]

Original Paragraph:
^{P1319:2, 119:8.9} [This paper, depicting the seven bestowals of Christ Michael, is the sixty-third of a series of presentations, sponsored by numerous personalities, narrating the history of Urantia down to the time of Michael's appearance on earth in the likeness of mortal flesh. These papers were authorized by a Nebadon commission of twelve acting under the direction of Mantutia Melchizedek. We indited these narratives and put them in the English language, by a technique authorized by our superiors, in the year A.D. 1935 of Urantia time.]

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"Hesitate" was incorrectly typeset as "hestitate" from the first through the tenth Urantia Foundation printings. It was corrected in the 1993 printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1340:1, 121:7.3} The scribes, the Pharisees, and the priesthood held the Jews in a terrible bondage of ritualism and legalism, a bondage far more real than that of the Roman political rule. The Jews of Jesus' time were not only held in subjugation to the law but were equally bound by the slavish demands of the traditions, which involved and invaded every domain of personal and social life. These minute regulations of conduct pursued and dominated every loyal Jew, and it is not strange that they promptly rejected one of their number who presumed to ignore their sacred traditions, and who dared to flout their long-honored regulations of social conduct. They could hardly regard with favor the teachings of one who did not hestitate to clash with dogmas which they regarded as having been ordained by Father Abraham himself. Moses had given them their law and they would not compromise.

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"command of Him who"

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"command of him who"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1347:3, 122:4.1} Joseph did not become reconciled to the idea that Mary was to become the mother of an extraordinary child until after he had experienced a very impressive dream. In this dream a brilliant celestial messenger appeared to him and, among other things, said: "Joseph, I appear by command of him who now reigns on high, and I am directed to instruct you concerning the son whom Mary shall bear, and who shall become a great light in the world. In him will be life, and his life shall become the light of mankind. He shall first come to his own people, but they will hardly receive him; but to as many as shall receive him to them will he reveal that they are the children of God." After this experience Joseph never again wholly doubted Mary's story of Gabriel's visit and of the promise that the unborn child was to become a divine messenger to the world.

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In the first Urantia Foundation printing "anniversary" was incorrectly typeset as "anniversay."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1357:7, 123:2.3} Jesus was five years old in August of this year, and we will, therefore, refer to this as his fifth (calendar) year of life. In this year, 2 B.C., a little more than one month before his fifth birthday anniversay, Jesus was made very happy by the coming of his sister Miriam, who was born on the night of July 11. During the evening of the following day Jesus had a long talk with his father concerning the manner in which various groups of living things are born into the world as separate individuals. The most valuable part of Jesus' early education was secured from his parents in answer to his thoughtful and searching inquiries. Joseph never failed to do his full duty in taking pains and spending time answering the boy's numerous questions. From the time Jesus was five years old until he was ten, he was one continuous question mark. While Joseph and Mary could not always answer his questions, they never failed fully to discuss his inquiries and in every other possible way to assist him in his efforts to reach a satisfactory solution of the problem which his alert mind had suggested.

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In the second and following Urantia Foundation printings, "Far to the east they could discern the Jordan valley and, far beyond, the rocky hills of Moab." This sentence was changed to: "Far to the east they could discern the Jordan valley and far beyond lay the rocky hills of Moab." The "rocky hills of Moab" are better described as laying in a south-south-easterly direction from Nazareth.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1363:5, 123:5.12} Nazareth was one of the twenty-four priest centers of the Hebrew nation. But the Galilean priesthood was more liberal in the interpretation of the traditional laws than were the Judean scribes and rabbis. And at Nazareth they were also more liberal regarding the observance of the Sabbath. It was therefore the custom for Joseph to take Jesus out for walks on Sabbath afternoons, one of their favorite jaunts being to climb the high hill near their home, from which they could obtain a panoramic view of all Galilee. To the northwest, on clear days, they could see the long ridge of Mount Carmel running down to the sea; and many times Jesus heard his father relate the story of Elijah, one of the first of that long line of Hebrew prophets, who reproved Ahab and exposed the priests of Baal. To the north Mount Hermon raised its snowy peak in majestic splendor and monopolized the skyline, almost 3,000 feet of the upper slopes glistening white with perpetual snow. Far to the east they could discern the Jordan valley and, far beyond, the rocky hills of Moab. Also to the south and the east, when the sun shone upon their marble walls, they could see the Greco-Roman cities of the Decapolis, with their amphitheaters and pretentious temples. And when they lingered toward the going down of the sun, to the west they could make out the sailing vessels on the distant Mediterranean.

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The original form, "nearby" was replaced with "near-by" in the tenth (1990) and following Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1368:1, 124:1.12} When work and caravan travel were slack, Jesus made many trips with his father on pleasure or business to nearby Cana, Endor, and Nain. Even as a lad he frequently visited Sepphoris, only a little over three miles from Nazareth to the northwest, and from 4 B.C. to about A.D. 25 the capital of Galilee and one of the residences of Herod Antipas.

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"Taanach" was spelled "Tannach" in the first and second Urantia Foundation printings, it was changed in the third printing (1971).

Original Paragraph:
^{P1387:2, 126:1.2} This hill, a little more than one hundred years previously, had been the "high place of Baal," and now it was the site of the tomb of Simeon, a reputed holy man of Israel. From the summit of this hill of Simeon, Jesus looked out over Nazareth and the surrounding country. He would gaze upon Megiddo and recall the story of the Egyptian army winning its first great victory in Asia; and how, later on, another such army defeated the Judean king Josiah. Not far away he could look upon Tannach, where Deborah and Barak defeated Sisera. In the distance he could view the hills of Dothan, where he had been taught Joseph's brethren sold him into Egyptian slavery. He then would shift his gaze over to Ebal and Gerizim and recount to himself the traditions of Abraham, Jacob, and Abimelech. And thus he recalled and turned over in his mind the historic and traditional events of his father Joseph's people.

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"Performance" was incorrectly typeset "peformance" in the 1955 text. It was corrected in the second Urantia Foundation printing (1967).

Original Paragraph:
^{P1387:5, 126:1.5} By the beginning of this year both Joseph and Mary entertained frequent doubts about the destiny of their first-born son. He was indeed a brilliant and lovable child, but he was so difficult to understand, so hard to fathom, and again, nothing extraordinary or miraculous ever happened. Scores of times had his proud mother stood in breathless anticipation, expecting to see her son engage in some superhuman or miraculous peformance, but always were her hopes dashed down in cruel disappointment. And all this was discouraging, even disheartening. The devout people of those days truly believed that prophets and men of promise always demonstrated their calling and established their divine authority by performing miracles and working wonders. But Jesus did none of these things; wherefore was the confusion of his parents steadily increased as they contemplated his future.

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"to Him who is able"

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"to him who is able"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1408:4, 128:1.7} He lived his mortal life just as all others of the human family may live theirs, "who in the days of the flesh so frequently offered up prayers and supplications, even with strong feelings and tears, to him who is able to save from all evil, and his prayers were effective because he believed." Wherefore it behooved him in every respect to be made like his brethren that he might become a merciful and understanding sovereign ruler over them.

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The hyphen in "bond-servant" was removed in the tenth (1990) Urantia Foundation printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1437:3, 130:6.3} By this time the young man very much desired to talk with Jesus, and he knelt at his feet imploring Jesus to help him, to show him the way of escape from his world of personal sorrow and defeat. Said Jesus: "My friend, arise! Stand up like a man! You may be surrounded with small enemies and be retarded by many obstacles, but the big things and the real things of this world and the universe are on your side. The sun rises every morning to salute you just as it does the most powerful and prosperous man on earth. Look — you have a strong body and powerful muscles — your physical equipment is better than the average. Of course, it is just about useless while you sit out here on the mountainside and grieve over your misfortunes, real and fancied. But you could do great things with your body if you would hasten off to where great things are waiting to be done. You are trying to run away from your unhappy self, but it cannot be done. You and your problems of living are real; you cannot escape them as long as you live. But look again, your mind is clear and capable. Your strong body has an intelligent mind to direct it. Set your mind at work to solve its problems; teach your intellect to work for you; refuse longer to be dominated by fear like an unthinking animal. Your mind should be your courageous ally in the solution of your life problems rather than your being, as you have been, its abject fear-slave and the bond-servant of depression and defeat. But most valuable of all, your potential of real achievement is the spirit which lives within you, and which will stimulate and inspire your mind to control itself and activate the body if you will release it from the fetters of fear and thus enable your spiritual nature to begin your deliverance from the evils of inaction by the power-presence of living faith. And then, forthwith, will this faith vanquish fear of men by the compelling presence of that new and all-dominating love of your fellows which will so soon fill your soul to overflowing because of the consciousness which has been born in your heart that you are a child of God.

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"if any one should"

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"if anyone should"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1470:1, 133:1.5} But Ganid was not fully satisfied. Many times they talked over these matters, and Jesus told him some of his boyhood experiences and also about Jacob the stone mason's son. On learning how Jacob appointed himself to defend Jesus, Ganid said: "Oh, I begin to see! In the first place very seldom would any normal human being want to attack such a kindly person as you, and even if any one should be so unthinking as to do such a thing, there is pretty sure to be near at hand some other mortal who will fly to your assistance, even as you always go to the rescue of any person you observe to be in distress. In my heart, Teacher, I agree with you, but in my head I still think that if I had been Jacob, I would have enjoyed punishing those rude fellows who presumed to attack you just because they thought you would not defend yourself. I presume you are fairly safe in your journey through life since you spend much of your time helping others and ministering to your fellows in distress — well, most likely there'll always be someone on hand to defend you." And Jesus replied: "That test has not yet come, Ganid, and when it does, we will have to abide by the Father's will." And that was about all the lad could get his teacher to say on this difficult subject of self-defense and nonresistance. On another occasion he did draw from Jesus the opinion that organized society had every right to employ force in the execution of its just mandates.

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'"er—why—yes'

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'"Er—why—yes'

Original Paragraph:
^{P1470:2, 133:2.1} While tarrying at the ship landing, waiting for the boat to unload cargo, the travelers observed a man mistreating his wife. As was his custom, Jesus intervened in behalf of the person subjected to attack. He stepped up behind the irate husband and, tapping him gently on the shoulder, said: "My friend, may I speak with you in private for a moment?" The angry man was nonplused by such an approach and, after a moment of embarrassing hesitation, stammered out — "er — why — yes, what do you want with me?" When Jesus had led him to one side, he said: "My friend, I perceive that something terrible must have happened to you; I very much desire that you tell me what could happen to such a strong man to lead him to attack his wife, the mother of his children, and that right out here before all eyes. I am sure you must feel that you have some good reason for this assault. What did the woman do to deserve such treatment from her husband? As I look upon you, I think I discern in your face the love of justice if not the desire to show mercy. I venture to say that, if you found me out by the wayside, attacked by robbers, you would unhesitatingly rush to my rescue. I dare say you have done many such brave things in the course of your life. Now, my friend, tell me what is the matter? Did the woman do something wrong, or did you foolishly lose your head and thoughtlessly assault her?" It was not so much what he said that touched this man's heart as the kindly look and the sympathetic smile which Jesus bestowed upon him at the conclusion of his remarks. Said the man: "I perceive you are a priest of the Cynics, and I am thankful you restrained me. My wife has done no great wrong; she is a good woman, but she irritates me by the manner in which she picks on me in public, and I lose my temper. I am sorry for my lack of self-control, and I promise to try to live up to my former pledge to one of your brothers who taught me the better way many years ago. I promise you."

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In the first through the ninth Urantia Foundation printings, "associater" was used here. While the meaning of "associater" is clear and that variant is found in a reference dating to 1626 in the QED, it was probably inserted in error because the common form, "associator", is used in all other occurrences in the Urantia Papers. The original spelling may have been caused by a typist's inadvertent parallelism with "sorter."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1480:1, 133:7.9} Neither is the human self merely the sum of the successive states of consciousness. Without the effective functioning of a consciousness sorter and associater there would not exist sufficient unity to warrant the designation of a selfhood. Such an ununified mind could hardly attain conscious levels of human status. If the associations of consciousness were just an accident, the minds of all men would then exhibit the uncontrolled and random associations of certain phases of mental madness.

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"10:00 o'clock" changed to "ten o'clock";

"3:00 o'clock" changed to "three o'clock";

"8:00 o'clock." changed to "eight o'clock."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1485:5, 134:3.3} The lectures and discussions in this school of religion began at 10:00 o'clock every morning in the week. The afternoon sessions started at 3:00 o'clock, and the evening debates opened at 8:00 o'clock. Cymboyton or one of his three sons always presided at these sessions of teaching, discussion, and debate. The founder of this unique school of religions lived and died without ever revealing his personal religious beliefs.

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In the 1955 printing, "Shechem" was spelled "Schecham." The spelling was changed in the second (1967) Urantia Foundation printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1492:5, 134:7.5} Jesus then started on his final tour, as a private individual, through the heart of Palestine, going from Beersheba in the south to Dan in the north. On this journey northward he stopped at Hebron, Bethlehem (where he saw his birthplace), Jerusalem (he did not visit Bethany), Beeroth, Lebonah, Sychar, Schecham, Samaria, Geba, En-Gannim, Endor, Madon; passing through Magdala and Capernaum, he journeyed on north; and passing east of the Waters of Merom, he went by Karahta to Dan, or Caesarea Philippi.

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"took place some time before"

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"took place sometime before"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1494:2, 134:8.9} On an afternoon in late summer, amid the trees and in the silence of nature, Michael of Nebadon won the unquestioned sovereignty of his universe. On that day he completed the task set for Creator Sons to live to the full the incarnated life in the likeness of mortal flesh on the evolutionary worlds of time and space. The universe announcement of this momentous achievement was not made until the day of his baptism, months afterward, but it all really took place that day on the mountain. And when Jesus came down from his sojourn on Mount Hermon, the Lucifer rebellion in Satania and the Caligastia secession on Urantia were virtually settled. Jesus had paid the last price required of him to attain the sovereignty of his universe, which in itself regulates the status of all rebels and determines that all such future upheavals (if they ever occur) may be dealt with summarily and effectively. Accordingly, it may be seen that the so-called "great temptation" of Jesus took place some time before his baptism and not just after that event.

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"first-hand"

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"firsthand"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1503:4, 135:8.1} By December of A.D. 25, when John reached the neighborhood of Pella in his journey up the Jordan, his fame had extended throughout all Palestine, and his work had become the chief topic of conversation in all the towns about the lake of Galilee. Jesus had spoken favorably of John's message, and this had caused many from Capernaum to join John's cult of repentance and baptism. James and John the fishermen sons of Zebedee had gone down in December, soon after John took up his preaching position near Pella, and had offered themselves for baptism. They went to see John once a week and brought back to Jesus fresh, first-hand reports of the evangelist's work.

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"stands near-by"

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"stands near by"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1507:1, 135:11.2} After he had been in prison several months, a group of his disciples came to him and, after reporting concerning the public activities of Jesus, said: "So you see, Teacher, that he who was with you at the upper Jordan prospers and receives all who come to him. He even feasts with publicans and sinners. You bore courageous witness to him, and yet he does nothing to effect your deliverance." But John answered his friends: "This man can do nothing unless it has been given him by his Father in heaven. You well remember that I said, `I am not the Messiah, but I am one sent on before to prepare the way for him.' And that I did. He who has the bride is the bridegroom, but the friend of the bridegroom who stands near-by and hears him rejoices greatly because of the bridegroom's voice. This, my joy, therefore is fulfilled. He must increase but I must decrease. I am of this earth and have declared my message. Jesus of Nazareth comes down to the earth from heaven and is above us all. The Son of Man has descended from God, and the words of God he will declare to you. For the Father in heaven gives not the spirit by measure to his own Son. The Father loves his Son and will presently put all things in the hands of this Son. He who believes in the Son has eternal life. And these words which I speak are true and abiding."

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"Michael No. 611,121"

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"Michael number 611,121'

Original Paragraph:
^{P1513:2, 136:3.5} While he tarried on the mountain, talking with Gabriel, the Constellation Father of Edentia appeared to Jesus and Gabriel in person, saying: "The records are completed. The sovereignty of Michael No. 611,121 over his universe of Nebadon rests in completion at the right hand of the Universal Father. I bring to you the bestowal release of Immanuel, your sponsor-brother for the Urantia incarnation. You are at liberty now or at any subsequent time, in the manner of your own choosing, to terminate your incarnation bestowal, ascend to the right hand of your Father, receive your sovereignty, and assume your well-earned unconditional rulership of all Nebadon. I also testify to the completion of the records of the superuniverse, by authorization of the Ancients of Days, having to do with the termination of all sin-rebellion in your universe and endowing you with full and unlimited authority to deal with any and all such possible upheavals in the future. Technically, your work on Urantia and in the flesh of the mortal creature is finished. Your course from now on is a matter of your own choosing."

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"dialog"

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"dialogue"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1520:4, 136:8.3} Throughout all this momentous dialog of Jesus' communing with himself, there was present the human element of questioning and near-doubting, for Jesus was man as well as God. It was evident he would never be received by the Jews as the Messiah if he did not work wonders. Besides, if he would consent to do just one unnatural thing, the human mind would know of a certainty that it was in subservience to a truly divine mind. Would it be consistent with "the Father's will" for the divine mind to make this concession to the doubting nature of the human mind? Jesus decided that it would not and cited the presence of the Personalized Adjuster as sufficient proof of divinity in partnership with humanity.

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As in (96:4.4), "Ten Commandments" was not capitalized in the 1955 edition, but was changed in all subsequent Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1527:3, 137:2.9} They all remained overnight with Joseph in Jesus' boyhood home. The associates of Jesus little understood why their new-found teacher was so concerned with completely destroying every vestige of his writing which remained about the home in the form of the ten commandments and other mottoes and sayings. But this proceeding, together with the fact that they never saw him subsequently write — except upon the dust or in the sand — made a deep impression upon their minds.

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"clearcut" was hyphenated "clear-cut" in the tenth (1990) and later Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1544:3, 138:7.4} Jesus now asked them how much money they had among them; he also inquired as to what provision had been made for their families. When it developed that they had hardly sufficient funds to maintain themselves for two weeks, he said: "It is not the will of my Father that we begin our work in this way. We will remain here by the sea two weeks and fish or do whatever our hands find to do; and in the meantime, under the guidance of Andrew, the first chosen apostle, you shall so organize yourselves as to provide for everything needful in your future work, both for the present personal ministry and also when I shall subsequently ordain you to preach the gospel and instruct believers." They were all greatly cheered by these words; this was their first clearcut and positive intimation that Jesus designed later on to enter upon more aggressive and pretentious public efforts.

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"big-hearted"

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"bighearted"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1564:2, 139:9.8} The twins were good-natured, simple-minded helpers, and everybody loved them. Jesus welcomed these young men of one talent to positions of honor on his personal staff in the kingdom because there are untold millions of other such simple and fear-ridden souls on the worlds of space whom he likewise wishes to welcome into active and believing fellowship with himself and his outpoured Spirit of Truth. Jesus does not look down upon littleness, only upon evil and sin. James and Judas were little, but they were also faithful. They were simple and ignorant, but they were also bighearted, kind, and generous.

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"Judas"' was found here until the seventh (1981) Urantia Foundation printing, when it was conformed to the spelling found elsewhere: "Judas's" (see also note for 177:4.9).

Original Paragraph:
^{P1565:9, 139:12.1} Judas Iscariot, the twelfth apostle, was chosen by Nathaniel. He was born in Kerioth, a small town in southern Judea. When he was a lad, his parents moved to Jericho, where he lived and had been employed in his father's various business enterprises until he became interested in the preaching and work of John the Baptist. Judas parents were Sadducees, and when their son joined John's disciples, they disowned him.

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"faintheartedly" was hyphenated "faint-heartedly", in the tenth and following Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1567:5, 139:12.12} Judas then entered into the base and shameful intrigue to betray his Lord and Master and quickly carried the nefarious scheme into effect. During the outworking of his anger-conceived plans of traitorous betrayal, he experienced moments of regret and shame, and in these lucid intervals he faintheartedly conceived, as a defense in his own mind, the idea that Jesus might possibly exert his power and deliver himself at the last moment.

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The kingdom, rather than the cost of remaining in the progressive ascent of the kingdom, is noted as the "pearl of great price" in 151:4.5 — some readers have thought these two differing usages to be in conflict with each other.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1583:2, 140:8.7} The right to enter the kingdom is conditioned by faith, personal belief. The cost of remaining in the progressive ascent of the kingdom is the pearl of great price, in order to possess which a man sells all that he has.

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"bighearted", in the original text was hyphenated "big-hearted" in the tenth and following Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1583:4, 140:8.30} Jesus did not teach his apostles that religion is man's only earthly pursuit; that was the Jewish idea of serving God. But he did insist that religion was the exclusive business of the twelve. Jesus taught nothing to deter his believers from the pursuit of genuine culture; he only detracted from the tradition-bound religious schools of Jerusalem. He was liberal, bighearted, learned, and tolerant. Self-conscious piety had no place in his philosophy of righteous living.

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"ten commandments"

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"Ten Commandments'

Original Paragraph:
^{P1599:13, 142:3.21} "And then, amidst the thunders and lightnings of Sinai, Moses gave them the new ten commandments, which you will all allow are more worthy utterances to accompany the enlarging Yahweh concepts of Deity. And did you never take notice of these commandments as twice recorded in the Scriptures, that in the first case deliverance from Egypt is assigned as the reason for Sabbath keeping, while in a later record the advancing religious beliefs of our forefathers demanded that this be changed to the recognition of the fact of creation as the reason for Sabbath observance?

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"week ends" in the original text was changed to "weekends" in the tenth and later Urantia Foundation printings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1606:1, 142:8.4} Although Jesus and the apostles spent the entire month of June in or near Jerusalem, they did no public teaching during this period. They lived for the most part in tents, which they pitched in a shaded park, or garden, known in that day as Gethsemane. This park was situated on the western slope of the Mount of Olives not far from the brook Kidron. The Sabbath week ends they usually spent with Lazarus and his sisters at Bethany. Jesus entered within the walls of Jerusalem only a few times, but a large number of interested inquirers came out to Gethsemane to visit with him. One Friday evening Nicodemus and one Joseph of Arimathea ventured out to see Jesus but turned back through fear even after they were standing before the entrance to the Master's tent. And, of course, they did not perceive that Jesus knew all about their doings.

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"thirst not neither"

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"thirst not, neither"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1613:1, 143:5.3} Jesus replied: "Everyone who drinks of this water will thirst again, but whosoever drinks of the water of the living spirit shall never thirst. And this living water shall become in him a well of refreshment springing up even to eternal life." Nalda then said: "Give me this water that I thirst not neither come all the way hither to draw. Besides, anything which a Samaritan woman could receive from such a commendable Jew would be a pleasure."

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"accomplish His work"

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"accomplish his work" in some editions

Original Paragraph:
^{P1615:2, 143:6.1} On the evening that Nalda drew the crowd out from Sychar to see Jesus, the twelve had just returned with food, and they besought Jesus to eat with them instead of talking to the people, for they had been without food all day and were hungry. But Jesus knew that darkness would soon be upon them; so he persisted in his determination to talk to the people before he sent them away. When Andrew sought to persuade him to eat a bite before speaking to the crowd, Jesus said, "I have meat to eat that you do not know about." When the apostles heard this, they said among themselves: "Has any man brought him aught to eat? Can it be that the woman gave him food as well as drink?" When Jesus heard them talking among themselves, before he spoke to the people, he turned aside and said to the twelve: "My meat is to do the will of Him who sent me and to accomplish His work. You should no longer say it is such and such a time until the harvest. Behold these people coming out from a Samaritan city to hear us; I tell you the fields are already white for the harvest. He who reaps receives wages and gathers this fruit to eternal life; consequently the sowers and the reapers rejoice together. For herein is the saying true: `One sows and another reaps.' I am now sending you to reap that whereon you have not labored; others have labored, and you are about to enter into their labor." This he said in reference to the preaching of John the Baptist.

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"week-day"

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"weekday"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1643:1, 146:4.1} At Iron, as in many of even the smaller cities of Galilee and Judea, there was a synagogue, and during the earlier times of Jesus' ministry it was his custom to speak in these synagogues on the Sabbath day. Sometimes he would speak at the morning service, and Peter or one of the other apostles would preach at the afternoon hour. Jesus and the apostles would also often teach and preach at the week-day evening assemblies at the synagogue. Although the religious leaders at Jerusalem became increasingly antagonistic toward Jesus, they exercised no direct control over the synagogues outside of that city. It was not until later in Jesus' public ministry that they were able to create such a widespread sentiment against him as to bring about the almost universal closing of the synagogues to his teaching. At this time all the synagogues of Galilee and Judea were open to him.

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"evil doing"

changed to

"evildoing"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1650:3, 147:4.2} When Jesus heard Nathaniel's question, he immediately stood upon his feet and, pointing his finger at the apostle, said: "Nathaniel, Nathaniel! What manner of thinking is going on in your heart? Do you not receive my teachings as one who has been born of the spirit? Do you not hear the truth as men of wisdom and spiritual understanding? When I admonished you to do to others as you would have them do to you, I spoke to men of high ideals, not to those who would be tempted to distort my teaching into a license for the encouragement of evil doing."

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In the tenth and later Urantia Foundation printings, "half-hearted", was contracted to "halfhearted."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1651:5, 147:5.1} Though Simon was not a member of the Jewish Sanhedrin, he was an influential Pharisee of Jerusalem. He was a half-hearted believer, and notwithstanding that he might be severely criticized therefor, he dared to invite Jesus and his personal associates, Peter, James, and John, to his home for a social meal. Simon had long observed the Master and was much impressed with his teachings and even more so with his personality.

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"the Master among other things"

changed to

"the Master, among other things"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1673:1, 149:4.1} Jesus did very little public work on this preaching tour, but he conducted many evening classes with the believers in most of the cities and villages where he chanced to sojourn with James and John. At one of these evening sessions one of the younger evangelists asked Jesus a question about anger, and the Master among other things, said in reply:

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In the second (1967) and succeeding Urantia Foundation printings, "are" was changed to "is." The original would seem to be correct because the plural verb is commonly used when "none" is the subject. (See Webster's; OED)

Original Paragraph:
^{P1677:1, 149:6.12} "Well did the Prophet Jeremiah describe many mortals when he said: `You are near God in the mouth but far from him in the heart.' And have you not also read that direful warning of the prophet who said: `The priests thereof teach for hire, and the prophets thereof divine for money. At the same time they profess piety and proclaim that the Lord is with them.' Have you not been well warned against those who `speak peace to their neighbors when mischief is in their hearts,' those who `flatter with the lips while the heart is given to double-dealing'? Of all the sorrows of a trusting man, none are so terrible as to be `wounded in the house of a trusted friend.'"

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"return to Bethsaida some time"

changed to

"return to Bethsaida sometime"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1677:2, 149:7.1} Andrew, in consultation with Simon Peter and with the approval of Jesus, had instructed David at Bethsaida to dispatch messengers to the various preaching groups with instructions to terminate the tour and return to Bethsaida some time on Thursday, December 30. By supper time on that rainy day all of the apostolic party and the teaching evangelists had arrived at the Zebedee home.

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"trust in Him who"

changed to

"trust in him who"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1681:9, 150:4.2} Jesus arranged the date for meeting the twelve at Nazareth, and in parting, he said: "On this mission go not to any city of the gentiles, neither go into Samaria, but go instead to the lost sheep of the house of Israel. Preach the gospel of the kingdom and proclaim the saving truth that man is a son of God. Remember that the disciple is hardly above his master nor a servant greater than his lord. It is enough for the disciple to be equal with his master and the servant to become like his lord. If some people have dared to call the master of the house an associate of Beelzebub, how much more shall they so regard those of his household! But you should not fear these unbelieving enemies. I declare to you that there is nothing covered up that is not going to be revealed; there is nothing hidden that shall not be known. What I have taught you privately, that preach with wisdom in the open. What I have revealed to you in the inner chamber, that you are to proclaim in due season from the housetops. And I say to you, my friends and disciples, be not afraid of those who can kill the body, but who are not able to destroy the soul; rather put your trust in Him who is able to sustain the body and save the soul.

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In the tenth and later Urantia Foundation printings, "grottos" was changed to "grottoes." Because both spellings are acceptable, it is unclear why such a change should have been made.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1695:5, 151:6.2} This entire hillside was covered with caverns which had been hewn out of the rock. Many of these niches were ancient sepulchres. About halfway up the hillside on a small, relatively level spot was the cemetery of the little village of Kheresa. As Jesus and his associates passed near this burial ground, a lunatic who lived in these hillside caverns rushed up to them. This demented man was well known about these parts, having onetime been bound with fetters and chains and confined in one of the grottos. Long since he had broken his shackles and now roamed at will among the tombs and abandoned sepulchres.

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"Caesarea-Philippi"

changed to

"Caesarea Philippi"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1698:3, 152:0.3} When Jesus heard this, he took the woman by the hand and, lifting her up, said: "Daughter, your faith has made you whole; go in peace." It was her faith and not her touch that made her whole. And this case is a good illustration of many apparently miraculous cures which attended upon Jesus' earth career, but which he in no sense consciously willed. The passing of time demonstrated that this woman was really cured of her malady. Her faith was of the sort that laid direct hold upon the creative power resident in the Master's person. With the faith she had, it was only necessary to approach the Master's person. It was not at all necessary to touch his garment; that was merely the superstitious part of her belief. Jesus called this woman, Veronica of Caesarea-Philippi, into his presence to correct two errors which might have lingered in her mind, or which might have persisted in the minds of those who witnessed this healing: He did not want Veronica to go away thinking that her fear in attempting to steal her cure had been honored, or that her superstition in associating the touch of his garment with her healing had been effective. He desired all to know that it was her pure and living faith that had wrought the cure.

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In the tenth and later Urantia Foundation printings, "short-sighted" was changed to "shortsighted."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1702:3, 152:3.2} This mighty shout enthused Peter and those of the apostles who still retained the hope of seeing Jesus assert his right to rule. But these false hopes were not to live for long. This mighty shout of the multitude had hardly ceased to reverberate from the near-by rocks when Jesus stepped upon a huge stone and, lifting up his right hand to command their attention, said: "My children, you mean well, but you are short-sighted and material-minded." There was a brief pause; this stalwart Galilean was there majestically posed in the enchanting glow of that eastern twilight. Every inch he looked a king as he continued to speak to this breathless multitude: "You would make me king, not because your souls have been lighted with a great truth, but because your stomachs have been filled with bread. How many times have I told you that my kingdom is not of this world? This kingdom of heaven which we proclaim is a spiritual brotherhood, and no man rules over it seated upon a material throne. My Father in heaven is the all-wise and the all-powerful Ruler over this spiritual brotherhood of the sons of God on earth. Have I so failed in revealing to you the Father of spirits that you would make a king of his Son in the flesh! Now all of you go hence to your own homes. If you must have a king, let the Father of lights be enthroned in the heart of each of you as the spirit Ruler of all things."

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"Jairus"' was changed to "Jairus's" in the tenth Urantia Foundation printing. There are only three occurrences of the possessive of this name, and as the other two use the latter form, it seems consistent to make this correction.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1709:1, 153:1.7} On Friday evening, and again on Sabbath morning, the Jerusalem leaders had labored long and earnestly with Jairus to prevent Jesus' speaking in the synagogue, but it was of no avail. Jairus only reply to all this pleading was: "I have granted this request, and I will not violate my word."

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"hearken to me all of you"

changed to

"hearken to me, all of you"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1712:5, 153:3.5} Jesus then directed his remarks to all present. He said: "But hearken to me all of you. It is not that which enters into the mouth that spiritually defiles the man, but rather that which proceeds out of the mouth and from the heart." But even the apostles failed fully to grasp the meaning of his words, for Simon Peter also asked him: "Lest some of your hearers be unnecessarily offended, would you explain to us the meaning of these words?" And then said Jesus to Peter: "Are you also hard of understanding? Know you not that every plant which my heavenly Father has not planted shall be rooted up? Turn now your attention to those who would know the truth. You cannot compel men to love the truth. Many of these teachers are blind guides. And you know that, if the blind lead the blind, both shall fall into the pit. But hearken while I tell you the truth concerning those things which morally defile and spiritually contaminate men. I declare it is not that which enters the body by the mouth or gains access to the mind through the eyes and ears, that defiles the man. Man is only defiled by that evil which may originate within the heart, and which finds expression in the words and deeds of such unholy persons. Do you not know it is from the heart that there come forth evil thoughts, wicked projects of murder, theft, and adulteries, together with jealousy, pride, anger, revenge, railings, and false witness? And it is just such things that defile men, and not that they eat bread with ceremonially unclean hands."

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"Caesarea-Philippi"

changed to

"Caesarea Philippi"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1726:4, 155:2.1} On Monday morning, May 23, Jesus directed Peter to go over to Chorazin with the twelve evangelists while he, with the eleven, departed for Caesarea Philippi, going by way of the Jordan to the Damascus-Capernaum road, thence northeast to the junction with the road to Caesarea-Philippi, and then on into that city, where they tarried and taught for two weeks. They arrived during the afternoon of Tuesday, May 24.

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"Caesarea-Philippi"

changed to

"Caesarea Philippi"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1727:2, 155:3.2} The sojourn at Caesarea-Philippi was a real test to the eleven apostles; it was a difficult two weeks for them to live through. They were well-nigh depressed, and they missed the periodic stimulation of Peter's enthusiastic personality. In these times it was truly a great and testing adventure to believe in Jesus and go forth to follow after him. Though they made few converts during these two weeks, they did learn much that was highly profitable from their daily conferences with the Master.

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"Caesarea-Philippi"

changed to

"Caesarea Philippi"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1728:1, 155:4.1} On Thursday morning, June 9, after receiving word regarding the progress of the kingdom brought by the messengers of David from Bethsaida, this group of twenty-five teachers of truth left Caesarea-Philippi to begin their journey to the Phoenician coast. They passed around the marsh country, by way of Luz, to the point of junction with the Magdala-Mount Lebanon trail road, thence to the crossing with the road leading to Sidon, arriving there Friday afternoon.

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"foregoing the penalty"

changed to

"forgoing the penalty'

Original Paragraph:
^{P1744:1, 157:1.3} All of this had been overheard by the secret messenger of David who stood near by, and who then signaled to an associate, fishing near the shore, to come in quickly. When Peter made ready to go out in the boat for a catch, this messenger and his fisherman friend presented him with several large baskets of fish and assisted him in carrying them to the fish merchant near by, who purchased the catch, paying sufficient, with what was added by the messenger of David, to meet the temple tax for the three. The collector accepted the tax, foregoing the penalty for tardy payment because they had been for some time absent from Galilee.

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"Caesarea-Philippi"

changed to

"Caesarea Philippi"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1745:1, 157:2.2} When Jesus had thus spoken, he withdrew and prepared for the evening conference with his followers. At this conference it was decided to undertake a united mission throughout all the cities and villages of the Decapolis as soon as Jesus and the twelve should return from their proposed visit to Caesarea-Philippi. The Master participated in planning for the Decapolis mission and, in dismissing the company, said: "I say to you, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and the Sadducees. Be not deceived by their show of much learning and by their profound loyalty to the forms of religion. Be only concerned with the spirit of living truth and the power of true religion. It is not the fear of a dead religion that will save you but rather your faith in a living experience in the spiritual realities of the kingdom. Do not allow yourselves to become blinded by prejudice and paralyzed by fear. Neither permit reverence for the traditions so to pervert your understanding that your eyes see not and your ears hear not. It is not the purpose of true religion merely to bring peace but rather to insure progress. And there can be no peace in the heart or progress in the mind unless you fall wholeheartedly in love with truth, the ideals of eternal realities. The issues of life and death are being set before you -- the sinful pleasures of time against the righteous realities of eternity. Even now you should begin to find deliverance from the bondage of fear and doubt as you enter upon the living of the new life of faith and hope. And when the feelings of service for your fellow men arise within your soul, do not stifle them; when the emotions of love for your neighbor well up within your heart, give expression to such urges of affection in intelligent ministry to the real needs of your fellows."

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"Caesarea-Philippi"

changed to

"Caesarea Philippi"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1749:4, 157:6.5} A new significance attaches to all of Jesus' teachings from this point on. Before Caesarea-Philippi he presented the gospel of the kingdom as its master teacher. After Caesarea-Philippi he appeared not merely as a teacher but as the divine representative of the eternal Father, who is the center and circumference of this spiritual kingdom, and it was required that he do all this as a human being, the Son of Man.

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"out of him you unclean" was changed in the third and later Urantia Foundation printings to "out of him, you unclean." [Addition of comma after "him"]

Original Paragraph:
^{P1756:3, 158:4.6} As the apostles listened, Simon Zelotes and Judas Iscariot stepped into the presence of the father, saying: "We can heal him; you need not wait for the Master's return. We are ambassadors of the kingdom; no longer do we hold these things in secret. Jesus is the Deliverer, and the keys of the kingdom have been delivered to us." By this time Andrew and Thomas were in consultation at one side. Nathaniel and the others looked on in amazement; they were all aghast at the sudden boldness, if not presumption, of Simon and Judas. Then said the father: "If it has been given you to do these works, I pray that you will speak those words which will deliver my child from this bondage." Then Simon stepped forward and, placing his hand on the head of the child, looked directly into his eyes and commanded: "Come out of him you unclean spirit; in the name of Jesus obey me." But the lad had only a more violent fit, while the scribes mocked the apostles in derision, and the disappointed believers suffered the taunts of these unfriendly critics.

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This semicolon was changed to a comma in the seventh and following Urantia Foundation printings -- "little that night; so they" changed to "little that night, so they"; also "Caesarea-Philippi" changed to "Caesarea Philippi"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1759:3, 158:7.1} Early this Wednesday morning Jesus and the twelve departed from Caesarea Philippi for Magadan Park near Bethsaida-Julias. The apostles had slept very little that night; so they were up early and ready to go. Even the stolid Alpheus twins had been shocked by this talk about the death of Jesus. As they journeyed south, just beyond the Waters of Merom they came to the Damascus road, and desiring to avoid the scribes and others whom Jesus knew would presently be coming along after them, he directed that they go on to Capernaum by the Damascus road which passes through Galilee. And he did this because he knew that those who followed after him would go on down over the east Jordan road since they reckoned that Jesus and the apostles would fear to pass through the territory of Herod Antipas. Jesus sought to elude his critics and the crowd which followed him that he might be alone with his apostles this day.

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"decree on earth, shall be"

changed to

"decree on earth shall be"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1762:5, 159:1.3} "The Father in heaven loves his children, and therefore should you learn to love one another; the Father in heaven forgives you your sins; therefore should you learn to forgive one another. If your brother sins against you, go to him and with tact and patience show him his fault. And do all this between you and him alone. If he will listen to you, then have you won your brother. But if your brother will not hear you, if he persists in the error of his way, go again to him, taking with you one or two mutual friends that you may thus have two or even three witnesses to confirm your testimony and establish the fact that you have dealt justly and mercifully with your offending brother. Now if he refuses to hear your brethren, you may tell the whole story to the congregation, and then, if he refuses to hear the brotherhood, let them take such action as they deem wise; let such an unruly member become an outcast from the kingdom. While you cannot pretend to sit in judgment on the souls of your fellows, and while you may not forgive sins or otherwise presume to usurp the prerogatives of the supervisors of the heavenly hosts, at the same time, it has been committed to your hands that you should maintain temporal order in the kingdom on earth. While you may not meddle with the divine decrees concerning eternal life, you shall determine the issues of conduct as they concern the temporal welfare of the brotherhood on earth. And so, in all these matters connected with the discipline of the brotherhood, whatsoever you shall decree on earth, shall be recognized in heaven. Although you cannot determine the eternal fate of the individual, you may legislate regarding the conduct of the group, for, where two or three of you agree concerning any of these things and ask of me, it shall be done for you if your petition is not inconsistent with the will of my Father in heaven. And all this is ever true, for, where two or three believers are gathered together, there am I in the midst of them."

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"evildoing"

changed to

"evil-doing"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1766:5, 159:3.9} In preaching the gospel of the kingdom, you are simply teaching friendship with God. And this fellowship will appeal alike to men and women in that both will find that which most truly satisfies their characteristic longings and ideals. Tell my children that I am not only tender of their feelings and patient with their frailties, but that I am also ruthless with sin and intolerant of iniquity. I am indeed meek and humble in the presence of my Father, but I am equally and relentlessly inexorable where there is deliberate evildoing and sinful rebellion against the will of my Father in heaven.

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"time-saving"

changed to

"timesaving"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1777:3, 160:3.2} When these experiences are frequently repeated, they crystallize into habits, strength-giving and worshipful habits, and such habits eventually formulate themselves into a spiritual character, and such a character is finally recognized by one's fellows as a mature personality. These practices are difficult and time-consuming at first, but when they become habitual, they are at once restful and time-saving. The more complex society becomes, and the more the lures of civilization multiply, the more urgent will become the necessity for God-knowing individuals to form such protective habitual practices designed to conserve and augment their spiritual energies.

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"any one who has"

changed to

"anyone who has"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1786:4, 161:2.9} 8. He constantly talks about God as an ever-present associate in all that he does. He goes about doing good, for God seems to be in him. He makes the most astounding assertions about himself and his mission on earth, statements which would be absurd if he were not divine. He once declared, "Before Abraham was, I am." He has definitely claimed divinity; he professes to be in partnership with God. He well-nigh exhausts the possibilities of language in the reiteration of his claims of intimate association with the heavenly Father. He even dares to assert that he and the Father are one. He says that any one who has seen him has seen the Father. And he says and does all these tremendous things with such childlike naturalness. He alludes to his association with the Father in the same manner that he refers to his association with us. He seems to be so sure about God and speaks of these relations in such a matter-of-fact way.

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The question mark at the end of the last sentence of this paragraph was replaced with a period in the second and later Urantia Foundation printings. While it may be true that the sentence is declarative, the question mark does seem to more acceptably convey the wondering attitude of the speaker.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1791:2, 162:2.4} The agents of the scribes wanted to lay hands upon him, but they feared the multitude, for many believed in him. Jesus' work since his baptism had become well known to all Jewry, and as many of these people recounted these things, they said among themselves: "Even though this teacher is from Galilee, and even though he does not meet all of our expectations of the Messiah, we wonder if the deliverer, when he does come, will really do anything more wonderful than this Jesus of Nazareth has already done?"

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As in 162:2.3, "Him" was changed to "him" in the seventh Urantia Foundation printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1792:1, 162:2.7} "I bear none of you ill will. The Father loves you, and therefore do I long for your deliverance from the bondage of prejudice and the darkness of tradition. I offer you the liberty of life and the joy of salvation. I proclaim the new and living way, the deliverance from evil and the breaking of the bondage of sin. I have come that you might have life, and have it eternally. You seek to be rid of me and my disquieting teachings. If you could only realize that I am to be with you only a little while! In just a short time I go to Him who sent me into this world. And then will many of you diligently seek me, but you shall not discover my presence, for where I am about to go you cannot come. But all who truly seek to find me shall sometime attain the life that leads to my Father's presence."

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In the third Urantia Foundation printing, "only judge" was changed to "judge only." While the latter construction may be considered preferable in some circumstances, the original seems perfectly intelligible and the reason for making such a change is not known.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1794:5, 162:5.2} "I am the light of the world. He who follows me shall not walk in darkness but shall have the light of life. Presuming to place me on trial and assuming to sit as my judges, you declare that, if I bear witness of myself, my witness cannot be true. But never can the creature sit in judgment on the Creator. Even if I do bear witness about myself, my witness is everlastingly true, for I know whence I came, who I am, and whither I go. You who would kill the Son of Man know not whence I came, who I am, or whither I go. You only judge by the appearances of the flesh; you do not perceive the realities of the spirit. I judge no man, not even my archenemy. But if I should choose to judge, my judgment would be true and righteous, for I would judge not alone but in association with my Father, who sent me into the world, and who is the source of all true judgment. You even allow that the witness of two reliable persons may be accepted — well, then, I bear witness of these truths; so also does my Father in heaven. And when I told you this yesterday, in your darkness you asked me, `Where is your Father?' Truly, you know neither me nor my Father, for if you had known me, you would also have known the Father.

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In the 1955 text, this word is hyphenated "bond-servant" and is broken at the hyphen to begin a new line of type. In the following sentence, "bondservant" is found as one word. Both "bond servant" and "bond-servant" are found once elsewhere in the Urantia papers (69:5.8 and 130:6.3). In the tenth (1990) Urantia Foundation printing, both occurrences in the present paragraph were separated into two words. In view of the varied usage within the papers themselves, it seems unnecessary to impose consistency by such editing, so the original has been restored here (with the assumption that the writer of this paper would use the same form in two consecutive sentences).

Original Paragraph:
^{P1796:4, 162:7.2} "If my words abide in you and you are minded to do the will of my Father, then are you truly my disciples. You shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free. I know how you will answer me: We are the children of Abraham, and we are in bondage to none; how then shall we be made free? Even so, I do not speak of outward subjection to another's rule; I refer to the liberties of the soul. Verily, verily, I say to you, everyone who commits sin is the bondservant of sin. And you know that the bondservant is not likely to abide forever in the master's house. You also know that the son does remain in his father's house. If, therefore, the Son shall make you free, shall make you sons, you shall be free indeed.

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In the eleventh Urantia Foundation printing (1993), 'apostles and Josiah the Master" was changed to "apostles and Josiah, the Master" a comma being inserted after "Josiah."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1816:3, 164:5.6} And now Jesus left Jerusalem, not again to return until near the time when he prepared to leave this world. With the two apostles and Josiah the Master went back to Pella. And Josiah proved to be one of the recipients of the Master's miraculous ministry who turned out fruitfully, for he became a lifelong preacher of the gospel of the kingdom.

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In the second Urantia Foundation printing, "Maccabeus" was replaced by "Maccabee." The latter form is used in the other occurrences of the word in the Urantia papers, but as both forms are acceptable (the former being a more accurate transliteration of the Greek), it seems unnecessary to conform the spellings.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1817:3, 165:0.3} Perea at this time was about equally gentile and Jewish, the Jews having been generally removed from these regions during the times of Judas Maccabeus. Perea was the most beautiful and picturesque province of all Palestine. It was generally referred to by the Jews as "the land beyond the Jordan."

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"of Him who has power"

changed to

"of him who has power"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1820:1, 165:3.3} "Soon, very soon, will the things which our enemies now plan in secrecy and in darkness be brought out into the light and be proclaimed from the housetops. But I say to you, my friends, when they seek to destroy the Son of Man, be not afraid of them. Fear not those who, although they may be able to kill the body, after that have no more power over you. I admonish you to fear none, in heaven or on earth, but to rejoice in the knowledge of Him who has power to deliver you from all unrighteousness and to present you blameless before the judgment seat of a universe.

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selfish gain'."

changed to

selfish gain.'" [period moved inside quote mark]

Original Paragraph:
^{P1822:3, 165:4.8} Then, as the people went down by the river to witness the baptizing, the first man came privately to Jesus about his inheritance inasmuch as he thought Jesus had dealt harshly with him; and when the Master had again heard him, he replied: "My son, why do you miss the opportunity to feed upon the bread of life on a day like this in order to indulge your covetous disposition? Do you not know that the Jewish laws of inheritance will be justly administered if you will go with your complaint to the court of the synagogue? Can you not see that my work has to do with making sure that you know about your heavenly inheritance? Have you not read the Scripture: `There is he who waxes rich by his wariness and much pinching, and this is the portion of his reward: Whereas he says, I have found rest and now shall be able to eat continually of my goods, yet he knows not what time shall bring upon him, and also that he must leave all these things to others when he dies.' Have you not read the commandment: `You shall not covet.' And again, `They have eaten and filled themselves and waxed fat, and then did they turn to other gods.' Have you read in the Psalms that `the Lord abhors the covetous,' and that `the little a righteous man has is better than the riches of many wicked.' `If riches increase, set not your heart upon them.' Have you read where Jeremiah said, `Let not the rich man glory in his riches'; and Ezekiel spoke truth when he said, `With their mouths they make a show of love, but their hearts are set upon their own selfish gain'."

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"Lord open to us" changed to "Lord, open to us" [comma inserted after "Lord" in third Urantia Foundation printing.]

Original Paragraph:
^{P1829:1, 166:3.4} "But herein is the danger to all who would postpone their entrance into the kingdom while they continue to pursue the pleasures of immaturity and indulge the satisfactions of selfishness: Having refused to enter the kingdom as a spiritual experience, they may subsequently seek entrance thereto when the glory of the better way becomes revealed in the age to come. And when, therefore, those who spurned the kingdom when I came in the likeness of humanity seek to find an entrance when it is revealed in the likeness of divinity, then will I say to all such selfish ones: I know not whence you are. You had your chance to prepare for this heavenly citizenship, but you refused all such proffers of mercy; you rejected all invitations to come while the door was open. Now, to you who have refused salvation, the door is shut. This door is not open to those who would enter the kingdom for selfish glory. Salvation is not for those who are unwilling to pay the price of wholehearted dedication to doing my Father's will. When in spirit and soul you have turned your backs upon the Father's kingdom, it is useless in mind and body to stand before this door and knock, saying, `Lord open to us; we would also be great in the kingdom.' Then will I declare that you are not of my fold. I will not receive you to be among those who have fought the good fight of faith and won the reward of unselfish service in the kingdom on earth. And when you say, `Did we not eat and drink with you, and did you not teach in our streets?' then shall I again declare that you are spiritual strangers; that we were not fellow servants in the Father's ministry of mercy on earth; that I do not know you; and then shall the Judge of all the earth say to you: `Depart from us, all you who have taken delight in the works of iniquity.'

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A comma was removed in the eleventh Urantia Foundation printing — "second, or even the third, day such" changed to "second, or even the third day such "

Original Paragraph:
^{P1837:2, 167:4.3} The Jews were in the habit of burying their dead on the day of their demise; this was a necessary practice in such a warm climate. It often happened that they put in the tomb one who was merely comatose, so that on the second or even the third, day such a one would come forth from the tomb. But it was the belief of the Jews that, while the spirit or soul might linger near the body for two or three days, it never tarried after the third day; that decay was well advanced by the fourth day, and that no one ever returned from the tomb after the lapse of such a period. And it was for these reasons that Jesus tarried yet two full days in Philadelphia before he made ready to start for Bethany.

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In the tenth (1990) Urantia Foundation printing, the spelling of "enamoured" was changed to "enamored."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1838:4, 167:5.3} Though Jesus refused to be drawn into a controversy with the Pharisees concerning divorce, he did proclaim a positive teaching of the highest ideals regarding marriage. He exalted marriage as the most ideal and highest of all human relationships. Likewise, he intimated strong disapproval of the lax and unfair divorce practices of the Jerusalem Jews, who at that time permitted a man to divorce his wife for the most trifling of reasons, such as being a poor cook, a faulty housekeeper, or for no better reason than that he had become enamoured of a better-looking woman.

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From the third through the ninth Urantia Foundation printings, the final "s" in "Lazarus's" was missing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1842:2, 168:0.2} When Martha and Mary sent word to Jesus concerning Lazarus's illness, they were confident the Master would do something about it. They knew that their brother was desperately sick, and though they hardly dared hope that Jesus would leave his work of teaching and preaching to come to their assistance, they had such confidence in his power to heal disease that they thought he would just speak the curative words, and Lazarus would immediately be made whole. And when Lazarus died a few hours after the messenger left Bethany for Philadelphia, they reasoned that it was because the Master did not learn of their brother's illness until it was too late, until he had already been dead for several hours.

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In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). It seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1847:7, 168:3.7} Although Jesus had received warning of the doings of the Sanhedrin on this dark Friday afternoon, he was not in the least perturbed and continued resting over the Sabbath with friends in Bethpage, a hamlet near Bethany. Early Sunday morning Jesus and the apostles assembled, by prearrangement, at the home of Lazarus, and taking leave of the Bethany family, they started on their journey back to the Pella encampment.

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The 1955 text stated that Lazarus remained at Bethany "until the day of the crucifixion of Jesus." This was changed to "until the week ..." in the second Urantia Foundation printing. The change would make this passage seem to be more consistent with the later narrative (at 174:0.1, 175:3.1, and 177:5.3) which would place the time of Lazarus's flight between Tuesday at midnight (when his death was decreed by the Sanhedrin) and Wednesday evening (when "certain ones" at the camp "knew that Lazarus had taken hasty flight from Bethany"), two days before the crucifixion of Jesus.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1849:5, 168:5.1} Lazarus remained at the Bethany home, being the center of great interest to many sincere believers and to numerous curious individuals, until the day of the crucifixion of Jesus, when he received warning that the Sanhedrin had decreed his death. The rulers of the Jews were determined to put a stop to the further spread of the teachings of Jesus, and they well judged that it would be useless to put Jesus to death if they permitted Lazarus, who represented the very peak of his wonder-working, to live and bear testimony to the fact that Jesus had raised him from the dead. Already had Lazarus suffered bitter persecution from them.

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"who laid at this rich man's gate" was changed to "who lay at this rich man's gate" in the third Urantia Foundation printing. In common usage, this change would he recommended, as people "lie down" (past: "lay") while people "lay" things down (past: "laid"). however, it is correct to use lay in a reflexive sense ("I lay [myself] down)," as in this story. Thus, Lazarus laid [himself] at the rich man's gate.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1854:6, 169:3.2} "There was a certain rich man named Dives, who, being clothed in purple and fine linen, lived in mirth and splendor every day. And there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, who laid at this rich man's gate, covered with sores and desiring to be fed with the crumbs which fell from the rich man's table; yes, even the dogs came and licked his sores. And it came to pass that the beggar died and was carried away by the angels to rest in Abraham's bosom. And then, presently, this rich man also died and was buried with great pomp and regal splendor. When the rich man departed from this world, he waked up in Hades, and finding himself in torment, he lifted up his eyes and beheld Abraham afar off and Lazarus in his bosom. And then Dives cried aloud: `Father Abraham, have mercy on me and send over Lazarus that he may dip the tip of his finger in water to cool my tongue, for I am in great anguish because of my punishment.' And then Abraham replied: `My son, you should remember that in your lifetime you enjoyed the good things while Lazarus in like manner suffered the evil. But now all this is changed, seeing that Lazarus is comforted while you are tormented. And besides, between us and you there is a great gulf so that we cannot go to you, neither can you come over to us.' Then said Dives to Abraham: `I pray you send Lazarus back to my father's house, inasmuch as I have five brothers, that he may so testify as to prevent my brothers from coming to this place of torment.' But Abraham said: `My son, they have Moses and the prophets; let them hear them.' And then answered Dives: `No, No, Father Abraham! but if one go to them from the dead, they will repent.' And then said Abraham: `If they hear not Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded even if one were to rise from the dead.'"

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"age-long"

changed to

"agelong"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1859:4, 170:2.1} The Master made it clear that the kingdom of heaven must begin with, and be centered in, the dual concept of the truth of the fatherhood of God and the correlated fact of the brotherhood of man. The acceptance of such a teaching, Jesus declared, would liberate man from the age-long bondage of animal fear and at the same time enrich human living with the following endowments of the new life of spiritual liberty:

For complete list of the Computer Analysis of Printings of The Urantia Book, 1955-1999

In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). However, it seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.
While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1878:2, 172:0.2} That evening, Jesus received many visitors, and the common folks of Bethany and Bethpage did their best to make him feel welcome. Although many thought Jesus was now going into Jerusalem, in utter defiance of the Sanhedrin's decree of death, to proclaim himself king of the Jews, the Bethany family -- Lazarus, Martha, and Mary — more fully realized that the Master was not that kind of a king; they dimly felt that this might be his last visit to Jerusalem and Bethany.

For complete list of the Computer Analysis of Printings of The Urantia Book, 1955-1999

In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). However, it seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.
While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1878:5, 172:1.2} Six days before the Passover, on the evening after the Sabbath, all Bethany and Bethpage joined in celebrating the arrival of Jesus by a public banquet at the home of Simon. This supper was in honor of both Jesus and Lazarus; it was tendered in defiance of the Sanhedrin. Martha directed the serving of the food; her sister Mary was among the women onlookers as it was against the custom of the Jews for a woman to sit at a public banquet. The agents of the Sanhedrin were present, but they feared to apprehend Jesus in the midst of his friends.

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"If any one asks" changed to "If anyone asks"

Also, in the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). However, it seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1881:4, 172:3.6} Jesus had long tried by direct teaching to impress upon his apostles and his disciples that his kingdom was not of this world, that it was a purely spiritual matter; but he had not succeeded in this effort. Now, what he had failed to do by plain and personal teaching, he would attempt to accomplish by a symbolic appeal. Accordingly, right after the noon lunch, Jesus called Peter and John, and after directing them to go over to Bethpage, a neighboring village a little off the main road and a short distance northwest of Bethany, he further said: "Go to Bethpage, and when you come to the junction of the roads, you will find the colt of an ass tied there. Loose the colt and bring it back with you. If any one asks you why you do this, merely say, `The Master has need of him.'" And when the two apostles had gone into Bethpage as the Master had directed, they found the colt tied near his mother in the open street and close to a house on the corner. As Peter began to untie the colt, the owner came over and asked why they did this, and when Peter answered him as Jesus had directed, the man said: "If your Master is Jesus from Galilee, let him have the colt." And so they returned bringing the colt with them.

For complete list of the Computer Analysis of Printings of The Urantia Book, 1955-1999

In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). However, it seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1883:5, 172:4.3} As the evening drew on, they walked about the temple courts in silence, and after Jesus had surveyed these familiar scenes once more, recalling his emotions in connection with previous visits, not excepting the earlier ones, he said, "Let us go up to Bethany for our rest." Jesus, with Peter and John, went to the home of Simon, while the other apostles lodged among their friends in Bethany and Bethpage.

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"associates whom he feared" changed to "associates who he feared". Also, farther down in the paragraph, "the twelve whom he knew" changed to "the twelve who he knew". In the first two printings, "whom" was found in these locations; they were changed to "who" in the third Urantia Foundation printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1884:1, 172:5.2} Andrew was thoroughly bewildered, well-nigh confused. He was the one apostle who did not seriously undertake to evaluate the popular outburst of acclaim. He was too preoccupied with the thought of his responsibility as chief of the apostolic corps to give serious consideration to the meaning or significance of the loud hosannas of the multitude. Andrew was busy watching some of his associates whom he feared might be led away by their emotions during the excitement, particularly Peter, James, John, and Simon Zelotes. Throughout this day and those which immediately followed, Andrew was troubled with serious doubts, but he never expressed any of these misgivings to his apostolic associates. He was concerned about the attitude of some of the twelve whom he knew were armed with swords; but he did not know that his own brother, Peter, was carrying such a weapon. And so the procession into Jerusalem made a comparatively superficial impression upon Andrew; he was too busy with the responsibilities of his office to be otherwise affected.

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"ten cent piece"

changed to

"ten-cent piece"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1889:1, 173:1.3} But traffic in sacrificial animals and sundry merchandise was not the only way in which the courts of the temple were profaned. At this time there was fostered an extensive system of banking and commercial exchange which was carried on right within the temple precincts. And this all came about in the following manner: During the Asmonean dynasty the Jews coined their own silver money, and it had become the practice to require the temple dues of one-half shekel and all other temple fees to be paid with this Jewish coin. This regulation necessitated that money-changers be licensed to exchange the many sorts of currency in circulation throughout Palestine and other provinces of the Roman Empire for this orthodox shekel of Jewish coining. The temple head tax, payable by all except women, slaves, and minors, was one-half shekel, a coin about the size of a ten cent piece but twice as thick. By the times of Jesus the priests had also been exempted from the payment of temple dues. Accordingly, from the 15th to the 25th of the month preceding the Passover, accredited money-changers erected their booths in the principal cities of Palestine for the purpose of providing the Jewish people with proper money to meet the temple dues after they had reached Jerusalem. After this ten-day period these money-changers moved on to Jerusalem and proceeded to set up their exchange tables in the courts of the temple. They were permitted to charge the equivalent of from three to four cents commission for the exchange of a coin valued at about ten cents, and in case a coin of larger value was offered for exchange, they were allowed to collect double. Likewise did these temple bankers profit from the exchange of all money intended for the purchase of sacrificial animals and for the payment of vows and the making of offerings.

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"Him" in the 1955 text, was changed to "him" in the seventh Urantia Foundation printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1908:4, 175:1.20} "Woe upon you, false guides of a nation! Over yonder have you built a monument to the martyred prophets of old, while you plot to destroy him of whom they spoke. You garnish the tombs of the righteous and flatter yourselves that, had you lived in the days of your fathers, you would not have killed the prophets; and then in the face of such self-righteous thinking you make ready to slay Him of whom the prophets spoke, the Son of Man. Inasmuch as you do these things, are you witness to yourselves that you are the wicked sons of them who slew the prophets. Go on, then, and fill up the cup of your condemnation to the full!

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"except he who received"

changed to

"except him who received"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1916:4, 176:3.4} "As individuals, and as a generation of believers, hear me while I speak a parable: There was a certain great man who, before starting out on a long journey to another country, called all his trusted servants before him and delivered into their hands all his goods. To one he gave five talents, to another two, and to another one. And so on down through the entire group of honored stewards, to each he intrusted his goods according to their several abilities; and then he set out on his journey. When their lord had departed, his servants set themselves at work to gain profits from the wealth intrusted to them. Immediately he who had received five talents began to trade with them and very soon had made a profit of another five talents. In like manner he who had received two talents soon had gained two more. And so did all of these servants make gains for their master except he who received but one talent. He went away by himself and dug a hole in the earth where he hid his lord's money. Presently the lord of those servants unexpectedly returned and called upon his stewards for a reckoning. And when they had all been called before their master, he who had received the five talents came forward with the money which had been intrusted to him and brought five additional talents, saying, `Lord, you gave me five talents to invest, and I am glad to present five other talents as my gain.' And then his lord said to him: `Well done, good and faithful servant, you have been faithful over a few things; I will now set you as steward over many; enter forthwith into the joy of your lord.' And then he who had received the two talents came forward, saying: `Lord, you delivered into my hands two talents; behold, I have gained these other two talents.' And his lord then said to him: `Well done, good and faithful steward; you also have been faithful over a few things, and I will now set you over many; enter you into the joy of your lord.' And then there came to the accounting he who had received the one talent. This servant came forward, saying, `Lord, I knew you and realized that you were a shrewd man in that you expected gains where you had not personally labored; therefore was I afraid to risk aught of that which was intrusted to me. I safely hid your talent in the earth; here it is; you now have what belongs to you.' But his lord answered: `You are an indolent and slothful steward. By your own words you confess that you knew I would require of you an accounting with reasonable profit, such as your diligent fellow servants have this day rendered. Knowing this, you ought, therefore, to have at least put my money into the hands of the bankers that on my return I might have received my own with interest.' And then to the chief steward this lord said: `Take away this one talent from this unprofitable servant and give it to him who has the ten talents.'

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This comma was removed in the sixth Urantia Foundation printing — "last bestowal, as a mortal" changed to "last bestowal as a mortal."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1918:4, 176:4.1} Of all the Master's teachings no one phase has been so misunderstood as his promise sometime to come back in person to this world. It is not strange that Michael should be interested in sometime returning to the planet whereon he experienced his seventh and last bestowal, as a mortal of the realm. It is only natural to believe that Jesus of Nazareth, now sovereign ruler of a vast universe, would be interested in coming back, not only once but even many times, to the world whereon he lived such a unique life and finally won for himself the Father's unlimited bestowal of universe power and authority. Urantia will eternally be one of the seven nativity spheres of Michael in the winning of universe sovereignty.

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In the second Urantia Foundation printing, "forego" was changed to "forgo." Although the latter is etymologically preferable, the former has been in use for over 400 years and leads to no confusion; it has therefore been restored in this edition.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1924:3, 177:3.7} While all of this was going on at the camp, in Jerusalem the chief priests and elders were amazed that Jesus did not return to address the multitudes. True, the day before, when he left the temple, he had said, "I leave your house to you desolate." But they could not understand why he would be willing to forego the great advantage which he had built up in the friendly attitude of the crowds. While they feared he would stir up a tumult among the people, the Master's last words to the multitude had been an exhortation to conform in every reasonable manner with the authority of those "who sit in Moses' seat." But it was a busy day in the city as they simultaneously prepared for the Passover and perfected their plans for destroying Jesus.

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"10 o'clock"

changed to

"ten o'clock"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1924:5, 177:4.1} Shortly after Jesus and John Mark left the camp, Judas Iscariot disappeared from among his brethren, not returning until late in the afternoon. This confused and discontented apostle, notwithstanding his Master's specific request to refrain from entering Jerusalem, went in haste to keep his appointment with Jesus' enemies at the home of Caiaphas the high priest. This was an informal meeting of the Sanhedrin and had been appointed for shortly after 10 o'clock that morning. This meeting was called to discuss the nature of the charges which should be lodged against Jesus and to decide upon the procedure to be employed in bringing him before the Roman authorities for the purpose of securing the necessary civil confirmation of the death sentence which they had already passed upon him.

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"Judas's" was changed to "Judas'" in the third Urantia Foundation printing. It was changed back to "Judas's" in the eleventh printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1926:2, 177:4.9} Judas returned to his associates at the camp intoxicated with thoughts of grandeur and glory such as he had not had for many a day. He had enlisted with Jesus hoping some day to become a great man in the new kingdom. He at last realized that there was to be no new kingdom such as he had anticipated. But he rejoiced in being so sagacious as to trade off his disappointment in failing to achieve glory in an anticipated new kingdom for the immediate realization of honor and reward in the old order, which he now believed would survive, and which he was certain would destroy Jesus and all that he stood for. In its last motive of conscious intention, Judas's betrayal of Jesus was the cowardly act of a selfish deserter whose only thought was his own safety and glorification, no matter what might be the results of his conduct upon his Master and upon his former associates.

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"others whom you think" was changed to "others who you think" in the third Urantia Foundation printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P1927:3, 177:5.2} This was the occasion of Jesus' warning his followers to beware of the support of the multitude. He recounted their experiences in Galilee when time and again great throngs of people enthusiastically followed them around and then just as ardently turned against them and returned to their former ways of believing and living. And then he said: "And so you must not allow yourselves to be deceived by the great crowds who heard us in the temple, and who seemed to believe our teachings. These multitudes listen to the truth and believe it superficially with their minds, but few of them permit the word of truth to strike down into the heart with living roots. Those who know the gospel only in the mind, and who have not experienced it in the heart, cannot be depended upon for support when real trouble comes. When the rulers of the Jews reach an agreement to destroy the Son of Man, and when they strike with one accord, you will see the multitude either flee in dismay or else stand by in silent amazement while these maddened and blinded rulers lead the teachers of the gospel truth to their death. And then, when adversity and persecution descend upon you, still others whom you think love the truth will be scattered, and some will renounce the gospel and desert you. Some who have been very close to us have already made up their minds to desert. You have rested today in preparation for those times which are now upon us. Watch, therefore, and pray that on the morrow you may be strengthened for the days that are just ahead."

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"you shall all some time sup"

changed to

"you shall all sometime sup"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1943:2, 179:5.9} When Jesus had thus established the supper of the remembrance, he said to the twelve: "And as often as you do this, do it in remembrance of me. And when you do remember me, first look back upon my life in the flesh, recall that I was once with you, and then, by faith, discern that you shall all some time sup with me in the Father's eternal kingdom. This is the new Passover which I leave with you, even the memory of my bestowal life, the word of eternal truth; and of my love for you, the outpouring of my Spirit of Truth upon all flesh."

For complete list of the Computer Analysis of Printings of The Urantia Book, 1955-1999

"faint-hearted"

changed to

"fainthearted"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1946:6, 180:3.1} The eleven had scarcely ceased their discussions of the discourse on the vine and the branches when the Master, indicating that he was desirous of speaking to them further and knowing that his time was short, said: "When I have left you, be not discouraged by the enmity of the world. Be not downcast even when faint-hearted believers turn against you and join hands with the enemies of the kingdom. If the world shall hate you, you should recall that it hated me even before it hated you. If you were of this world, then would the world love its own, but because you are not, the world refuses to love you. You are in this world, but your lives are not to be worldlike. I have chosen you out of the world to represent the spirit of another world even to this world from which you have been chosen. But always remember the words I have spoken to you: The servant is not greater than his master. If they dare to persecute me, they will also persecute you. If my words offend the unbelievers, so also will your words offend the ungodly. And all of this will they do to you because they believe not in me nor in Him who sent me; so will you suffer many things for the sake of my gospel. But when you endure these tribulations, you should recall that I also suffered before you for the sake of this gospel of the heavenly kingdom.

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"you shall some time ascend"

changed to

"you shall sometime ascend"

Original Paragraph:
^{P1947:3, 180:3.4} "Let not your hearts be troubled. You believe in God; continue to believe also in me. Even though I must leave you, I will not be far from you. I have already told you that in my Father's universe there are many tarrying-places. If this were not true, I would not have repeatedly told you about them. I am going to return to these worlds of light, stations in the Father's heaven to which you shall some time ascend. From these places I came into this world, and the hour is now at hand when I must return to my Father's work in the spheres on high.

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The difficulty of assigning meaning to the phrase "nonresistance of all selfish reaction to the universe" suggests a word or more may have been dropped. The phrase may have been intended to read, "The spirit of the Master's message injunction consists in nonresistance, the absence of all selfish reaction to the universe...." See 140:8.4 and 159:5.4,5

Original Paragraph:
^{P1950:4, 180:5.9} This same philosophy of the living flexibility and cosmic adaptability of divine truth to the individual requirements and capacity of every son of God, must be perceived before you can hope adequately to understand the Master's teaching and practice of nonresistance to evil. The Master's teaching is basically a spiritual pronouncement. Even the material implications of his philosophy cannot be helpfully considered apart from their spiritual correlations. The spirit of the Master's injunction consists in the nonresistance of all selfish reaction to the universe, coupled with the aggressive and progressive attainment of righteous levels of true spirit values: divine beauty, infinite goodness, and eternal truth -- to know God and to become increasingly like him.

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In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). It seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1976:1, 183:4.3} Five of the apostles, Nathaniel, Matthew, Philip, and the twins, went into hiding at Bethpage and Bethany. Thomas, Andrew, James, and Simon Zelotes were hiding in the city. Simon Peter and John Zebedee followed along to the home of Annas.

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The hyphen was removed in the tenth Urantia Foundation printing, changing "law-breaking" to "lawbreaking."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1982:1, 184:3.1} It was about half past three o'clock this Friday morning when the chief priest, Caiaphas, called the Sanhedrist court of inquiry to order and asked that Jesus be brought before them for his formal trial. On three previous occasions the Sanhedrin, by a large majority vote, had decreed the death of Jesus, had decided that he was worthy of death on informal charges of law-breaking, blasphemy, and flouting the traditions of the fathers of Israel.

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In the tenth Urantia Foundation printing, "law-breaker" was changed to "lawbreaker."

Original Paragraph:
^{P1983:4, 184:3.12} When the high priest heard Jesus utter these words, he was exceedingly angry, and rending his outer garments, he exclaimed: "What further need have we of witnesses? Behold, now have you all heard this man's blasphemy. What do you now think should be done with this law-breaker and blasphemer?" And they all answered in unison, "He is worthy of death; let him be crucified."

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"Shechem" was spelled "Schechem" in the first Urantia Foundation printing and was changed in the second.

Original Paragraph:
^{P2000:5, 186:3.2} As soon as Jesus was turned over to the Roman soldiers by Pilate for crucifixion, a messenger hastened away to Gethsemane to inform David, and within five minutes runners were on their way to Bethsaida, Pella, Philadelphia, Sidon, Schechem, Hebron, Damascus, and Alexandria. And these messengers carried the news that Jesus was about to be crucified by the Romans at the insistent behest of the rulers of the Jews.

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A comma was removed in the second Urantia Foundation printing — "universes, have existed" changed to "universes have existed"

Original Paragraph:
^{P2002:6, 186:5.5} All that the Son of Man said or did on earth greatly embellished the doctrines of sonship with God and of the brotherhood of men, but these essential relationships of God and men are inherent in the universe facts of God's love for his creatures and the innate mercy of the divine Sons. These touching and divinely beautiful relations between man and his Maker on this world and on all others throughout the universe of universes, have existed from eternity; and they are not in any sense dependent on these periodic bestowal enactments of the Creator Sons of God, who thus assume the nature and likeness of their created intelligences as a part of the price which they must pay for the final acquirement of unlimited sovereignty over their respective local universes.

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It would be an unlikely coincidence for Jesus' mother Mary to have had a sister named Mary, unless, upon the death of one of her parents, the surviving parent married someone who already had a daughter named Mary. The sister's name is repeated at 188:1.7

Original Paragraph:
^{P2008:3, 187:3.2} Standing near the cross at one time or another during the crucifixion were Mary, Ruth, Jude, John, Salome (John's mother), and a group of earnest women believers including Mary the wife of Clopas and sister of Jesus' mother, Mary Magdalene, and Rebecca, onetime of Sepphoris. These and other friends of Jesus held their peace while they witnessed his great patience and fortitude and gazed upon his intense sufferings.

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"women, in charge of Jude"

changed to

"women, in the charge of Jude"

Original Paragraph:
^{P2011:6, 187:6.2} After the death of the Master, John sent the women, in charge of Jude, to the home of Elijah Mark, where they tarried over the Sabbath day. John himself, being well known by this time to the Roman centurion, remained at Golgotha until Joseph and Nicodemus arrived on the scene with an order from Pilate authorizing them to take possession of the body of Jesus.

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"evildoing"

changed to

"evil-doing"

Original Paragraph:
^{P2016:8, 188:4.3} Mortal man was never the property of the archdeceivers. Jesus did not die to ransom man from the clutch of the apostate rulers and fallen princes of the spheres. The Father in heaven never conceived of such crass injustice as damning a mortal soul because of the evildoing of his ancestors. Neither was the Master's death on the cross a sacrifice which consisted in an effort to pay God a debt which the race of mankind had come to owe him.

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The portion of the sentence containing the clause "the death on the cross was not to effect man's reconciliation to God" is misconstructed. Some readers have viewed this as an error thinking that the intention was to convey the thought that Jesus' death on the cross was not to effect God's reconciliation to man. God had no need for reconciliation with man, rather we with him. At 98:7.1 we read "A Creator Son did not incarnate in the likeness of mortal flesh ... to reconcile an angry God but rather to win all mankind to the recognition of the Father's love...."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2019:5, 188:5.13} We know that the death on the cross was not to effect man's reconciliation to God but to stimulate man's realization of the Father's eternal love and his Son's unending mercy, and to broadcast these universal truths to a whole universe.

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In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). It seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2025:1, 189:4.1} As we approach the time of the resurrection of Jesus on this early Sunday morning, it should be recalled that the ten apostles were sojourning at the home of Elijah and Mary Mark, where they were asleep in the upper chamber, resting on the very couches whereon they reclined during the last supper with their Master. This Sunday morning they were all there assembled except Thomas. Thomas was with them for a few minutes late Saturday night when they first got together, but the sight of the apostles, coupled with the thought of what had happened to Jesus, was too much for him. He looked his associates over and immediately left the room, going to the home of Simon in Bethpage, where he thought to grieve over his troubles in solitude. The apostles all suffered, not so much from doubt and despair as from fear, grief, and shame.

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In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). It seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2032:3, 190:2.5} James rushed into the house, even while they looked for him at Bethpage, exclaiming: "I have just seen Jesus and talked with him, visited with him. He is not dead; he has risen! He vanished before me, saying, `Farewell until I greet you all together.'" He had scarcely finished speaking when Jude returned, and he retold the experience of meeting Jesus in the garden for the benefit of Jude. And they all began to believe in the resurrection of Jesus. James now announced that he would not return to Galilee, and David exclaimed: "He is seen not only by excited women; even stronghearted men have begun to see him. I expect to see him myself."

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In the tenth Urantia Foundation printing, "fainthearted" was hyphenated to "faint-hearted."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2033:1, 190:3.1} The fifth morontia manifestation of Jesus to the recognition of mortal eyes occurred in the presence of some twenty-five women believers assembled at the home of Joseph of Arimathea, at about fifteen minutes past four o'clock on this same Sunday afternoon. Mary Magdalene had returned to Joseph's house just a few minutes before this appearance. James, Jesus' brother, had requested that nothing be said to the apostles concerning the Master's appearance at Bethany. He had not asked Mary to refrain from reporting the occurrence to her sister believers. Accordingly, after Mary had pledged all the women to secrecy, she proceeded to relate what had so recently happened while she was with Jesus' family at Bethany. And she was in the very midst of this thrilling recital when a sudden and solemn hush fell over them; they beheld in their very midst the fully visible form of the risen Jesus. He greeted them, saying: "Peace be upon you. In the fellowship of the kingdom there shall be neither Jew nor gentile, rich nor poor, free nor bond, man nor woman. You also are called to publish the good news of the liberty of mankind through the gospel of sonship with God in the kingdom of heaven. Go to all the world proclaiming this gospel and confirming believers in the faith thereof. And while you do this, forget not to minister to the sick and strengthen those who are fainthearted and fear-ridden. And I will be with you always, even to the ends of the earth." And when he had thus spoken, he vanished from their sight, while the women fell on their faces and worshiped in silence.

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"any one claiming"

changed to

"anyone claiming"

Original Paragraph:
^{P2033:3, 190:3.3} As a result of sending out the messengers during the midforenoon and from the unconscious leakage of intimations concerning this appearance of Jesus at Joseph's house, word began to come to the rulers of the Jews during the early evening that it was being reported about the city that Jesus had risen, and that many persons were claiming to have seen him. The Sanhedrists were thoroughly aroused by these rumors. After a hasty consultation with Annas, Caiaphas called a meeting of the Sanhedrin to convene at eight o'clock that evening. It was at this meeting that action was taken to throw out of the synagogues any person who made mention of Jesus' resurrection. It was even suggested that any one claiming to have seen him should be put to death; this proposal, however, did not come to a vote since the meeting broke up in confusion bordering on actual panic. They had dared to think they were through with Jesus. They were about to discover that their real trouble with the man of Nazareth had just begun.

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In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). It seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2037:1, 191:0.1} Resurrection Sunday was a terrible day in the lives of the apostles; ten of them spent the larger part of the day in the upper chamber behind barred doors. They might have fled from Jerusalem, but they were afraid of being arrested by the agents of the Sanhedrin if they were found abroad. Thomas was brooding over his troubles alone at Bethpage. He would have fared better had he remained with his fellow apostles, and he would have aided them to direct their discussions along more helpful lines.

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In the fourth Urantia Foundation printing, "Bethpage" was changed to "Bethphage" here and at all other occurrences of this name. "Bethphage" is the spelling found in English versions of the Bible (Matthew 21:1, Mark I 1:1 and Luke 19:29). It seems unlikely that so many identical typographical errors could have occurred, so the spelling "Bethpage" must have been intended by the authors.

While this apparent misspelling is not theologically or historically significant, it may have a basis in the pronunciation of Koine Greek (the common language of the Mediterranean world in New Testament times). In Koine Greek the word would have been pronounced more like "Bethpage" than "Bethphage."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2038:8, 191:0.13} The Master put off the first morontia appearance to the apostles for a number of reasons. First, he wanted them to have time, after they heard of his resurrection, to think well over what he had told them about his death and resurrection when he was still with them in the flesh. The Master wanted Peter to wrestle through with some of his peculiar difficulties before he manifested himself to them all. In the second place, he desired that Thomas should be with them at the time of his first appearance. John Mark located Thomas at the home of Simon in Bethpage early this Sunday morning, bringing word to that effect to the apostles about eleven o'clock. Any time during this day Thomas would have gone back to them if Nathaniel or any two of the other apostles had gone for him. He really wanted to return, but having left as he did the evening before, he was too proud to go back of his own accord so soon. By the next day he was so depressed that it required almost a week for him to make up his mind to return. The apostles waited for him, and he waited for his brethren to seek him out and ask him to come back to them. Thomas thus remained away from his associates until the next Saturday evening, when, after darkness had come on, Peter and John went over to Bethpage and brought him back with them. And this is also the reason why they did not go at once to Galilee after Jesus first appeared to them; they would not go without Thomas.

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"far-away ascetics"

changed to

"faraway ascetics"

Original Paragraph:
^{P2043:1, 191:5.3} "Peace be upon you. For a full week have I tarried that I might appear again when you were all present to hear once more the commission to go into all the world and preach this gospel of the kingdom. Again I tell you: As the Father sent me into the world, so send I you. As I have revealed the Father, so shall you reveal the divine love, not merely with words, but in your daily living. I send you forth, not to love the souls of men, but rather to love men. You are not merely to proclaim the joys of heaven but also to exhibit in your daily experience these spirit realities of the divine life since you already have eternal life, as the gift of God, through faith. When you have faith, when power from on high, the Spirit of Truth, has come upon you, you will not hide your light here behind closed doors; you will make known the love and the mercy of God to all mankind. Through fear you now flee from the facts of a disagreeable experience, but when you shall have been baptized with the Spirit of Truth, you will bravely and joyously go forth to meet the new experiences of proclaiming the good news of eternal life in the kingdom of God. You may tarry here and in Galilee for a short season while you recover from the shock of the transition from the false security of the authority of traditionalism to the new order of the authority of facts, truth, and faith in the supreme realities of living experience. Your mission to the world is founded on the fact that I lived a God-revealing life among you; on the truth that you and all other men are the sons of God; and it shall consist in the life which you will live among men -- the actual and living experience of loving men and serving them, even as I have loved and served you. Let faith reveal your light to the world; let the revelation of truth open the eyes blinded by tradition; let your loving service effectually destroy the prejudice engendered by ignorance. By so drawing close to your fellow men in understanding sympathy and with unselfish devotion, you will lead them into a saving knowledge of the Father's love. The Jews have extolled goodness; the Greeks have exalted beauty; the Hindus preach devotion; the far away ascetics teach reverence; the Romans demand loyalty; but I require of my disciples life, even a life of loving service for your brothers in the flesh."

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"believers, in Alexandria."

changed to

"believers in Alexandria."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2044:1, 191:6.1} While the eleven apostles were on the way to Galilee, drawing near their journey's end, on Tuesday evening, April 18, at about half past eight o'clock, Jesus appeared to Rodan and some eighty other believers, in Alexandria. This was the Master's twelfth appearance in morontia form. Jesus appeared before these Greeks and Jews at the conclusion of the report of David's messenger regarding the crucifixion. This messenger, being the fifth in the Jerusalem-Alexandria relay of runners, had arrived in Alexandria late that afternoon, and when he had delivered his message to Rodan, it was decided to call the believers together to receive this tragic word from the messenger himself. At about eight o'clock, the messenger, Nathan of Busiris, came before this group and told them in detail all that had been told him by the preceding runner. Nathan ended his touching recital with these words: "But David, who sends us this word, reports that the Master, in foretelling his death, declared that he would rise again." Even as Nathan spoke, the morontia Master appeared there in full view of all. And when Nathan sat down, Jesus said:

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In the tenth Urantia Foundation printing, the hyphen was removed from "home-coming."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2051:2, 192:4.5} This was a sad home-coming for John Mark. Just a few hours before he reached home, his father, Elijah Mark, suddenly died from a hemorrhage in the brain. Although the thought of the certainty of the resurrection of the dead did much to comfort the apostles in their grief, at the same time they truly mourned the loss of their good friend, who had been their stanch supporter even in the times of great trouble and disappointment. John Mark did all he could to comfort his mother and, speaking for her, invited the apostles to continue to make their home at her house. And the eleven made this upper chamber their headquarters until after the day of Pentecost.

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This chronology in which Pentecost occurred on May 18 does not square with other dates we are given. That this passage regarding Pentecost is May 18 is established at 193:5.1. Jesus was crucified on April 7 (185:0.1, 187:3.1), the day before Passover, which was April 8 (187:5.7). The ascension took place the morning of May 18 (193:5.1), and the bestowal of the Spirit of Truth later that day, which was also the day of Pentecost (194:1.1). Since the day of Pentecost is seven weeks (50 days, actually) after the day of Passover (125:1.5), Pentecost should have been on May 28 rather than May 18.

Original Paragraph:
^{P2060:1, 194:1.1} The apostles had been in hiding for forty days. This day happened to be the Jewish festival of Pentecost, and thousands of visitors from all parts of the world were in Jerusalem. Many arrived for this feast, but a majority had tarried in the city since the Passover. Now these frightened apostles emerged from their weeks of seclusion to appear boldly in the temple, where they began to preach the new message of a risen Messiah. And all the disciples were likewise conscious of having received some new spiritual endowment of insight and power.

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Since it is difficult to view time as having an anchor, the phrase "The fact of Jesus' earthly life provides a fixed point for the anchor of time", may have been intended to read "The fact of Jesus' earthly life provides a fixed point, an anchor in time."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2063:6, 194:3.8} The coming of the Spirit of Truth on Pentecost made possible a religion which is neither radical nor conservative; it is neither the old nor the new; it is to be dominated neither by the old nor the young. The fact of Jesus' earthly life provides a fixed point for the anchor of time, while the bestowal of the Spirit of Truth provides for the everlasting expansion and endless growth of the religion which he lived and the gospel which he proclaimed. The spirit guides into all truth; he is the teacher of an expanding and always-growing religion of endless progress and divine unfolding. This new teacher will be forever unfolding to the truth-seeking believer that which was so divinely folded up in the person and nature of the Son of Man.

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The first printing spelled "Pantaenus" as "Poutaenus." This was changed in the second Urantia Foundation printing.

Original Paragraph:
^{P2074:5, 195:3.10} Conditions, however, were not so bad at Alexandria. The early schools continued to hold much of Jesus' teachings free from compromise. Poutaenus taught Clement and then went on to follow Nathaniel in proclaiming Christ in India. While some of the ideals of Jesus were sacrificed in the building of Christianity, it should in all fairness be recorded that, by the end of the second century, practically all the great minds of the Greco-Roman world had become Christian. The triumph was approaching completion.

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"in His name"

changed to

"in his name"

Original Paragraph:
^{P2076:6, 195:6.1} Scientists have unintentionally precipitated mankind into a materialistic panic; they have started an unthinking run on the moral bank of the ages, but this bank of human experience has vast spiritual resources; it can stand the demands being made upon it. Only unthinking men become panicky about the spiritual assets of the human race. When the materialistic-secular panic is over, the religion of Jesus will not be found bankrupt. The spiritual bank of the kingdom of heaven will be paying out faith, hope, and moral security to all who draw upon it "in His name."

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"Son's" was changed to "Sons' " in the second Urantia Foundation printing. The latter appears to be correct in view of the context. Inasmuch as mortal men are the sons of the Creator Sons rather than the Eternal Son, and since the previous sentence states that "this life of the Father is in his Sons," the apostrophe should probably be moved so that this sentence reads: "And the spirit of the Father is in his Sons' sons-mortal men."

Original Paragraph:
^{P2097:3, 196:3.32} And God-consciousness is equivalent to the integration of the self with the universe, and on its highest levels of spiritual reality. Only the spirit content of any value is imperishable. Even that which is true, beautiful, and good may not perish in human experience. If man does not choose to survive, then does the surviving Adjuster conserve those realities born of love and nurtured in service. And all these things are a part of the Universal Father. The Father is living love, and this life of the Father is in his Sons. And the spirit of the Father is in his Son's sons -- mortal men. When all is said and done, the Father idea is still the highest human concept of God.

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